Electron field emission from a cesiated NEA diamond (100) surface: an activation concept

Küttel, O. M.; Gröning, Oliver; Schaller, E.; Diederich, L.; Gröning, P.; Schlapbach, L.

doi:10.1016/0925-9635(95)00418-1

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…15,20,21 The work-function changes induced by oxygenation suggest that oxygen plays a role in modifying the surface dipoles created by alkali-metal adsorption. Similar effects have been observed on diamond surfaces, 4,12,22 motivating us to examine the lightest alkali metal, lithium, on diamond surfaces, on the basis that it should form stronger bonds with diamond than heavier alkali metals while still reducing the work function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Ab initioinvestigation of lithium on the diamond C(100) surface

et al. 2010

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We have performed ab initio calculations to investigate the adsorption of Li onto the clean and oxygenated diamond C͑100͒ surface. Despite a large amount of interest in alkali-metal absorption on clean and oxidized semiconductor surfaces for both fundamental and technological applications, lithium adsorption on the diamond surface has not been reported. We find that Li adopts structures on the clean C͑100͒ surface similar to those reported for Na, K, and Rb on diamond, though Li exhibits significantly higher binding energies in the range 2.7-3.1 eV per Li adsorbate. For the oxygenated C͑100͒-͑1 ϫ 1͒ : O surface, the lowest energy involving a full Li monolayer structure shows an exceptionally large work-function shift of −4.52 eV relative to the clean surface, an effect similar to that seen for Csu O on diamond, but with a higher binding energy of 4.7 eV per Li atom. We propose that such a system, if verified by experiment, is suitable for the surface coating of diamond-based vacuum electronic devices, as it should exhibit higher thermal stability than the commonly used Csu O surface while retaining the advantage of a large lowering of the work function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Ab initioinvestigation of lithium on the diamond C(100) surface

et al. 2010

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“…Application of the constant voltage for an extended period of time produced improved emission results [26]. Current as a function of time in the initial 12-hour activation process is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-voltage ionization of air with carbon-based materials

Peterson

Zhang

Fisher³

et al. 2005

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Polycrystalline diamond and carbon nanotubes exhibit excellent vacuum field emission properties, characterized by low turn-on voltage and high current density. Their atmospheric field emission and ionization capabilities are reported in this paper. Highly graphitic polycrystalline diamond (HGPD) film was grown in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition process, and its ability to ionize atmospheric air was characterized and compared against carbon nanotubes.The HGPD sample was activated by applying a moderate voltage bias (340V) for an extended period across a 10 µm electrode gap. After activation, a turn-on voltage of 20 V and a sustainable current of 10 µA was observed with the same gap. Results also indicate that field emission helps to create a moderate ionization effect without catastrophic air breakdown. A hydrogen plasma treatment is shown to restore emission current back to or even exceeding the original level, which suggests an important role of surface termination in electron emission process. Carbon nanotubes were grown and tested but did not perform as well under similar conditions.

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“…Metals such as zirconium and cobalt are known to induce a small NEA [13]. Caesium oxide coatings are often used [14] however the caesium is weakly bound, with degradation evident above several hundred degrees centrigrade. Since high temperature operation is one of the possible advantages of using diamond as an electronic material, surface resilience above 500°C is desired for any practical NEA coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Li-adsorbed C(100)-(1x1):O Diamond Surface

et al. 2011

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This paper presents density functional theory results for the Li-adsorbed C(100)-(1x1):O system. Previously it has been shown that at a single monolayer coverage, the binding energy for Li on oxygenated C(100) diamond is substantially higher than that of heavier alkali metals, while at the same time, the presence of the lithium generates a large shift in the diamond workfunction. The system is therefore promising for electronics applications involving diamond. Here, further calculations are presented showing that additional Li atoms above 1ML coverage are far less strongly bound, suggesting the 1ML surface is the most useful for vacuum microelectronic applications.

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Electron field emission from a cesiated NEA diamond (100) surface: an activation concept

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Ab initioinvestigation of lithium on the diamond C(100) surface

Ab initioinvestigation of lithium on the diamond C(100) surface

Low-voltage ionization of air with carbon-based materials

The Li-adsorbed C(100)-(1x1):O Diamond Surface

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