Electron impact on helium clusters: Metastable excitation, ionization, and charged minicluster ejection

Gspann, J.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(81)90204-1

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As first observed by Gspann, electron impact ionization of He clusters leads to the formation of charged nanoclusters with sizes similar as found for Cs + [72]. In those experiments an impinging electron ionizes a helium atom.…”

Section: B Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 71%

Rotational and vibrational dynamics of CO2 and N2O in helium nanodroplets

Nauta

Miller

2001

The Journal of Chemical Physics

114

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The dynamics following the photoionization of neutral Rb and Cs atoms residing in a dimple at the surface of a superfluid 4 He 1000 nanodroplet has been investigated within time-dependent density functional theory, complementing a previous study on Ba. The calculations reveal that structured high density helium solvation layers form around both the Rb + and Cs + cation on a picosecond time scale, forming so-called snowballs. In contrast to the Rb + ion, Cs + is not solvated by the 4 He 1000 droplet but rather desorbs from it as a Cs + He n snowball. This outcome is partially related to the large size of Cs + cation in relation to the helium droplet as is revealed by calculations performed using a planar helium surface. The large droplet deformations induced by the solvation of the Rb + cation is found to lead to efficient nucleation of quantized vortex loops or rings.

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Section: B Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 71%

Rotational and vibrational dynamics of CO2 and N2O in helium nanodroplets

Nauta

Miller

2001

The Journal of Chemical Physics

114

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“…Thus, even though massive loss of helium is energetically possible, the energy would not suffice to evaporate all helium atoms from the doped droplet. However, charge localization and subsequent electrostriction in large helium droplets may result in the ejection of the dopant ion, solvated in a much smaller helium cluster 37, 40. The remaining excess energy in the ejected minicluster suffices to evaporate all or nearly all helium atoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cationic Complexes of Hydrogen with Helium

et al. 2012

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High-resolution mass spectra of helium nanodroplets doped with hydrogen or deuterium reveal that copious amounts of helium can be bound to H+, H2+, H3+, and larger hydrogen-cluster ions. All conceivable HenHx+ stoichiometries are identified if their mass is below the limit of ≍120 u set by the resolution of the spectrometer. Anomalies in the ion yields of HenHx+ for x=1, 2, or 3, and n≤30 reveal particularly stable cluster ions. Our results for HenH1+ are consistent with conclusions drawn from previous experimental and theoretical studies which were limited to smaller cluster ions. The HenH3+ series exhibits a pronounced anomaly at n=12 which was outside the reliable range of earlier experiments. Contrary to findings reported for other diatomic dopant molecules, the monomer ion (i.e. H2+) retains helium with much greater efficiency than hydrogen-cluster ions.

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“…The high ionization energy of helium makes single ionization with a standard light source impossible. Consequently, the first ionization experiments on HNDs were performed utilizing electron ionization [36,[61][62][63]. If a HND is thought of as a dense helium gas, then Beer's Law can be used to estimate the penetration depth of the incident electron:…”

Section: Ionization Of Pure Helium Nanodropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%