Electron microscope study on the innervation of guinea pig liver - proposal of sensory nerve terminals in the hepatic parenchyme.

Ohata, Masako

doi:10.1679/aohc.47.149

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The intralobular distribution of aminergic nerves is subject to considerable species variation (Yamada, 1965; Ungvary and Donath, 1969; Anufriev et al, 1973; Forssmann and Ito, 1975, 1977; Skaaring and Bierring, 1976; Mazzanti et al, 1977; Nobin et al, 1977, 1978; Uno, 1977; Reilly et al, 1978; Metz and Forssmann, 1980b; Moghimzadeh et al, 1982; Ohata, 1984; Ueno et al, 1988; Burt et al, 1989; Bioulac‐Sage et al, 1990; Feher et al, 1991; Lin et al, 1995). In most mammals, including humans, these intralobular nerves course from the portal space through the space of Disse (Fig.…”

Section: Aminergic Innervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of efferent hepatic nerves

McCuskey

2004

Anat. Rec.

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The role of neural elements in regulating blood flow through the hepatic sinusoids, solute exchange, and parenchymal function is incompletely understood. This is due in part to limited investigation in only a few species whose hepatic innervation may differ significantly from humans. For example, most experimental studies have used rats and mice having livers with little or no intralobular innervation. In contrast, most other mammals, including humans, have aminergic and peptidergic nerves extending from perivascular plexus in the portal space into the lobule, where they course in Disse's space in close relationship to stellate cells (fat storing cells of Ito) and hepatic parenchymal cells. While these fibers extend throughout the lobule, they predominate in the periportal region. Cholinergic innervation, however, appears to be restricted to structures in the portal space and immediately adjacent hepatic parenchymal cells. Neuropeptides have been colocalized with neurotransmitters in both adrenergic and cholinergic nerves. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been colocalized in aminergic nerves supplying all segments of the hepatic-portal venous and the hepatic arterial and biliary systems. Nerve fibers immunoreactive for substance P and somatostatin follow a similar distribution. Intralobular distribution of all of these nerve fibers is species-dependent and similar to that reported for aminergic fibers. Vasoactive intestinal peptide and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are reported to coexist in cholinergic and sensory afferent nerves innervating portal veins and hepatic arteries and their branches, but not the other vascular segments or the bile ducts. Nitrergic nerves immunoreactive for neuronal nitric oxide (nNOS) are located in the portal tract where nNOS colocalizes with both NPY-and CGRP-containing fibers. In summary, the liver is innervated by aminergic, cholinergic, peptidergic, and nitrergic nerves. While innervation of structures in the portal tract is relatively similar between species, the extent and distribution of intralobular innervation are highly variable as well as species-dependent and may be inversely related to the density of gap junctions between contiguous hepatic parenchymal cells. 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Aminergic Innervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy of efferent hepatic nerves

McCuskey

2004

Anat. Rec.

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“…HSCs may function as hepatic neuroglia cells, receiving and integrating commands from the CNS, because SNS fibers abut HSCs (Moghimzadeh et al, 1983; Ohata, 1984; Bioulac‐Sage et al, 1990), which possess functional α‐adrenoceptors (Athari et al, 1994). That HSC may be neural crest‐derived hepatic neuroglial cells is further supported by their expression of classical neuroglial proteins, such as glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), synatophysin, and neurotrophins, as well as by evidence that they contain synaptic vesicles (Buniatian et al, 1996; Cassiman et al, 1999, 2001; Niki et al, 1999).…”

Section: Sns Regulation Of Hsc: Historical Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic nervous system regulation of liver repair

Oben

Diehl

2004

Anat. Rec.

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This chapter reviews recent evidence that the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulates liver repair by modulating the phenotypes of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the liver's principal fibrogenic cells, and hepatic epithelial progenitors, i.e., oval cells. SNS nerve fibers touch HSCs and these cells express adrenoceptors, suggesting that HSCs may be targets for SNS neurotransmitters. HSCs also contain catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes, release norepinephrine (NE), and are growth-inhibited by adrenoceptor antagonists. In addition, HSCs from mice with reduced levels of NE grow poorly in culture and exhibit inhibited activation during liver injury. Finally, growth and injury-related fibrogenic responses are rescued by adrenoceptor agonists. Thus, certain SNS inhibitors (SNSIs) protect experimental animals from cirrhosis. Conversely, SNSIs enhance the hepatic accumulation of oval cells (OCs) in injured livers. This response is associated with improved liver injury. Because SNSIs do not affect the expression of cytokines, growth factors, or growth factor receptors that are known to regulate OCs, and OCs express adrenoceptors, it is conceivable that catecholamines influence OCs by direct interaction with OC adrenoceptors. Given evidence that the SNS regulates the viability and activation of HSCs and OCs differentially, SNSIs may be novel therapies to improve the repair of damaged livers.

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“…The sinusoidal walls organized by SECs, HSCs, and so on play important roles in the sinusoidal microcirculation (Ueno et al, 1997; Geerts, 2001). With respect to intrahepatic innervation, previous reports indicated a wide variation in the distribution of nerves according to the species or methods employed (Forssman and Ito, 1977; Barja and Machison, 1982, 1984; Ohata, 1984; Sasaki et al, 1984; Ito et al, 1990; Féher et al, 1992). Guinea pig, cat, and tupaia have an intralobular innervation similar to that of human (Forssman and Ito, 1977; Ohata, 1984; Akiyoshi et al, 1998; Peinado et al, 2002).…”

Section: Innervation Of Sinusoidal Walls In Normal Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to intrahepatic innervation, previous reports indicated a wide variation in the distribution of nerves according to the species or methods employed (Forssman and Ito, 1977; Barja and Machison, 1982, 1984; Ohata, 1984; Sasaki et al, 1984; Ito et al, 1990; Féher et al, 1992). Guinea pig, cat, and tupaia have an intralobular innervation similar to that of human (Forssman and Ito, 1977; Ohata, 1984; Akiyoshi et al, 1998; Peinado et al, 2002). However, intrahepatic innervation of mice and rats is not as abundant as that in humans, and observation by light and electron microscopy is very difficult (Barja and Machison, 1982, 1984; Sasaki et al, 1984; Ito et al, 1990; Féher et al, 1992).…”

Section: Innervation Of Sinusoidal Walls In Normal Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Innervation of the sinusoidal wall: Regulation of the sinusoidal diameter

et al. 2004

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In the livers of humans, cats, guinea pigs, and tupaia, nerve endings are distributed all over the hepatic lobules. Nerve endings in the intralobular spaces are localized mainly in the Disse spaces and are oriented toward the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatocytes. They are especially closely related to HSCs. Various neurotransmitters such as substance P exist in the nerve endings. In addition, HSCs possess endothelin (ET) and adrenergic receptors and contract in response to the corresponding agonists. In contrast, nitric oxide (NO) inhibits the contraction of HSCs. HSCs thus appear to be involved in the regulation of hepatic sinusoidal microcirculation by contraction and relaxation. In the cirrhotic liver, intralobular innervation is decreased, but ET, ET receptors, and NO are overexpressed in the HSCs. These findings indicate that HSCs in cirrhotic liver may play an important role in the sinusoidal microcirculation through agents such as ET or NO rather than through intralobular innervation.

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Electron microscope study on the innervation of guinea pig liver - proposal of sensory nerve terminals in the hepatic parenchyme.

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Anatomy of efferent hepatic nerves

Anatomy of efferent hepatic nerves

Sympathetic nervous system regulation of liver repair

Innervation of the sinusoidal wall: Regulation of the sinusoidal diameter

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