Electron microscopic investigation of the surface membrane structures of the fat-cell and of their changes during depletion of the cell

Wassermann, F.; McDonald, Thomas F.

doi:10.1007/bf00336627

Cited by 104 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Several electron microscopical studies have been reported on the cytological alterations occurring in adipose cells of animals during starvation (7,9,10,11,12,14). In our experiment, Wistar rats weighing about 200 g were subjected to 7-day-starvation.…”

Section: Adipose Cells From Starved Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few reports are available that are concerned with ultrastructural changes in adipose cells actively synthesizing lipid (5,8,10,11,12,13,14,15 tion showed that in adipose cells from rats refed with commercial rat food after a 7-day-starvation, intracellular microvesicles began to connect and showed a tendency to form the tubular structure of SER. Large and small lipid droplets surrounded by SER and many glycogen granules were seen in the cytoplasm (Fig.…”

Section: Adipose Cells From Rats Refed After Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructural Studies on the White Adipose Cell of Rats in Different Nutritional Conditions and During the Developmental Stage

Usuku

Iyama

Ohzono

1978

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Section: Adipose Cells From Starved Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adipose Cells From Rats Refed After Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Studies on the White Adipose Cell of Rats in Different Nutritional Conditions and During the Developmental Stage

Usuku

Iyama

Ohzono

1978

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…Adipocytes have a signet-ring appearance with a large central amorphous fat deposit, an eccentric nucleus and a thin layer of cytoplasm containing mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus (2,10,11,21,22,30,31,32,33). The adipocyte membrane shows numerous microvesicular invaginations and is covered by a basal membrane (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fine structure of adipocytes in young rats has been examined by conventional thin-section electron microscopy by many investigators (2,3,10,11,21,23,27,30,31,32,33), but there are few reports on the morphology of adipocytes of obese rats. This may be because of the technical difficulty of examining these cells by electron microscopy owing to their very high lipid content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological studies on adipocytes from obese rats - scanning and freeze-fracturing electron microscopy.

Mizunuma

Takahashi

Kawaguchi

et al. 1981

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…In addition, we recently described the derivation of Zfp423 GFP BAC transgenic mice in which GFP is expressed under the control of the Zfp423 locus ( 38 ). These reporter models have provided much needed molecular evidence to support a long-standing hypothesis that committed preadipocytes reside in the adipose tissue vasculature within the mural cell compartment ( 36,39,40 ). This is supported by a recent study by Kuang and colleagues demonstrating the expression of Fabp4 in PdgfR ␣ + adipose progenitors located in the adipose tissue vasculature ( 41 ).…”

Section: Regulation During Adipogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved methodologies for the study of adipose biology: insights gained and opportunities ahead

Wang

Scherer

Gupta

2014

Journal of Lipid Research

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greater caution must be taken in interpreting studies of adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism.In this review, we offer a consolidated view of the wideranging approaches that can be taken to study adipose biology and discuss important considerations and pitfalls associated with each method. We divide the discussion into three sections; the fi rst section describes model systems, ways to understand where and when molecules of interest may play a role in the adipose lineage, and recent insights gained from these approaches. The second and third sections provide guidelines for the study of adipocyte biology in vivo and in cellular systems, respectively. Along the way, we highlight improved genetic and cellular models that can aid researchers interested in studying the role of their favorite protein in the adipose tissue and discuss the insights gained from each approach. IS MY FAVORITE GENE EXPRESSED IN THE ADIPOSE LINEAGE? WHERE DO I LOOK?The establishment and maintenance of adipocytes in principle involves key regulatory steps ( 3 ). First, multipotent progenitor cells must commit to the adipocyte lineage, a process referred to as preadipose cell determination. Next, in response to appropriate spatial and temporal cues, committed preadipose cells undergo adipocyte differentiation, a morphological and biochemical transition into mature adipocytes. Finally, mechanisms must exist that function to maintain the differentiated state of the mature adipocyte (adipocyte maintenance). This includes factors critical for regulating the functional properties of Abstract Adipocyte differentiation and function have become areas of intense focus in the fi eld of energy metabolism; however, understanding the role of specifi c genes in the establishment and maintenance of fat cell function can be challenging and complex. In this review, we offer practical guidelines for the study of adipocyte development and function. We discuss improved cellular and genetic systems for the study of adipose biology and highlight recent insights gained from these new approaches. -Wang, Q. A., P. E. Scherer, and R. K. Gupta. Improved methodologies for the study of adipose biology: insights gained and opportunities ahead. J. Lipid Res. 2014. 55: 605-624. Supplementary key words energy metabolism • adipogenesis • obesitySince the 1970s, fat cell differentiation of immortalized fi broblast cell lines has been an extensively studied model of cellular differentiation ( 1 ). The ability to study this process in a tissue culture dish has allowed cellular biologists and biochemists to explore general mechanisms of cell fate determination and cellular differentiation, and to isolate novel regulatory proteins and signaling cascades that initiate these processes . However, it is now clear that adipocytes represent critical regulators of nearly all aspects of energy balance. Adipose tissues exhibit high plasticity with a tremendous capacity for expansion and contraction in response to the energy demands of an organism. The alarming rise in obesity and obesity-l...

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Electron microscopic investigation of the surface membrane structures of the fat-cell and of their changes during depletion of the cell

Cited by 104 publications

References 26 publications

Ultrastructural Studies on the White Adipose Cell of Rats in Different Nutritional Conditions and During the Developmental Stage

Ultrastructural Studies on the White Adipose Cell of Rats in Different Nutritional Conditions and During the Developmental Stage

Morphological studies on adipocytes from obese rats - scanning and freeze-fracturing electron microscopy.

Improved methodologies for the study of adipose biology: insights gained and opportunities ahead

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