Electron microscopical studies on the nerve endings of the outer hair cells in acoustically exposed rabbits

Omata, Takeo; Schätzle, W.

doi:10.1017/s0022215100095748

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…One caveat is that any such changes are likely to be rapidly reversed during the time required for tissue processing. So, for example, varying duration acoustic trauma seemed to cause no lasting change in synaptic cisterns of cochlear hair cells of rabbits (Omata and Schatzle, ). An alternative approach is to examine cisterns in genetically altered mice in which known molecular components of the synapse have been altered to reduce or enhance synaptic function.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of cisternal synapses on outer hair cells of the mouse cochlea

Fuchs

Lehar

Hiel

2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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C (cisternal) synapses with a near membrane postsynaptic cistern are found on motor neurons and other central neurons, where their functional role is unknown. Similarly structured cisternal synapses mediate cholinergic inhibition of cochlear hair cells via α9α10-containing ionotropic receptors and associated calcium-activated (SK2) potassium channels, providing the opportunity to examine the ultrastructure of genetically altered cisternal synapses. Serial section electron microscopy was used to examine efferent synapses of outer hair cells (OHCs) in mice with diminished or enhanced cholinergic inhibition. The contact area of efferent terminals, the appositional area of the postsynaptic cistern, the distance of the cistern from the plasma membrane, and the average width of the cisternal lumen were recorded. The synaptic cisterns of wild- type OHCs were closely aligned (14-nm separation) with the hair cell membrane and coextensive with the micrometers-long synaptic terminals. The cisternal lumen averaged 18 nm so that the cisternal volume was approximately 30% larger than that of the cytoplasmic space between the cistern and the plasma membrane. Synaptic ultrastructure of α9L9′T knockin OHCs (acetylcholine receptor gain of function) were like those of wild-type littermates except that cisternal volumes were significantly larger. OHCs of SK2 knockout mice had few small efferent terminals. Synaptic cisterns were present, but smaller than those of wild-type littermates. Taken together, these data suggest that the cistern serves as a sink or buffer to isolate synaptic calcium signals. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:717-729, 2014.

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confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of cisternal synapses on outer hair cells of the mouse cochlea

Fuchs

Lehar

Hiel

2013

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Prior to hair cell injury, mitochondria seem to be affected by oxidative stress first. Altered mitochondria were found in the afferent nerve endings (Omata and Schätzle, 1984), and elevation of reactive oxygen species was observed after acute noise exposure (Ohlemiller et al, 1999).…”

Section: Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging of the auditory system

Roth

2015

The Human Auditory System - Fundamental Organization and Clinical Disorders

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“…Wenn man Untersuchungsergebnisse nach Schallbelastungen mit Breitbandrauschen vergleichbarer Schalldruckpegel (110-120 dBSPL) berücksichtigt, ist Folgendes denkbar: zunächst ultrastrukturelle Zilienschäden [3] mit einer Separation der ÄHZ-Zilien von der Tektorialmembran [40]. Dies verursacht erhebliche Transduktionsstörungen der ÄHZ [35,36].Desgleichen sind in unseren Zytokochleogrammen ultrastrukturelle Schäden intrakochleärer Trennmembranen und Zellmembranen [38] oder an den Synapsen der ÄHZ und/oder IHZ [10,13,44,48,49,50,58] oder in der Stria vascularis und im Ligamentum spirale [14] nicht erfassbar. Auch diese Veränderungen könnten den permanenten Hörverlust erklären.…”

Section: Knalltraumaunclassified

Innenohrsch�den durch Freizeitl�rm und Breitbandrauschen

Lamm

Michaelis

Deingruber

et al. 2004

HNO

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The initial and permanent effects of leisure noise (toy pistols, rock music) compared to broadband noise were examined in 68 guinea pigs. Auditory threshold shifts at 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 und 16 kHz were registered before and immediately after exposure as well as on days 1, 2, 3, 5,7 and 21 post-exposure using the auditory brain stem response (ABR) technique. In order to examine cilia and hair cell damage in eight cochlear frequency regions (<0,4 kHz, 0,4-0,8 kHz, 0,8-1.5 kHz, 1.5-3 kHz, 3-5 kHz, 5-11.5 kHz, 11.5-26 kHz und >26 kHz), cytocochleograms were performed immediately after exposure and on days 1, 7 and 21.Frequency dependent functional or morphological damage was found which depended on the type of trauma tested. All results were highly significant ( P<0.001). The results show that partial recovery of hearing occurred within 3 days of acute acoustic trauma induced by toy pistols and within 1 day after exposure to rock music or broadband noise. There was no further recovery of hearing within the following 18 and 20 days, respectively. Furthermore, permanent threshold shifts after exposure to rock music or broadband noise were not associated with cilia and/or hair cell damage.

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Electron microscopical studies on the nerve endings of the outer hair cells in acoustically exposed rabbits

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Ultrastructure of cisternal synapses on outer hair cells of the mouse cochlea

Ultrastructure of cisternal synapses on outer hair cells of the mouse cochlea

Aging of the auditory system

Innenohrsch�den durch Freizeitl�rm und Breitbandrauschen

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