Electron Microscopical Study of Plasma-Etched Polymers

Padhye, M. R.; Bhat, N. V.; Mittal, Paras

doi:10.1177/004051757604600707

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The ridges observed (Figure 9e) are thought to be the internal crystalline structures. This is again consistent with previous observations (Padhye et al, 1976). Surface characteristics of fibers sampled from the fabric surface and from the internal yarns were similar.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Improvement of hydrophilicity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by non-polymer-forming gaseous glow discharge

Hsieh¹,

Chen²

1985

Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wettability of polyethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces was greatly improved by the applications of gaseous glow discharge in argon, nitrogen, and air. The optimum glow discharge condition for producing a durable and wettable PET surface was concluded to be in nitrogen at a power level of 30 W. The most drastic improvement in wettability was achieved during the initial 2 min of exposure. Both moisture regain and water retention values of the substrates were significantly improved by these treatments. Surface morphology of the treated fiber surfaces, revealed by SEM, indicated both etching and redeposition of some previously detached molecules on the surfaces. The treated surfaces were found to undergo some changes as was evident by increasing contact angles and increasing weights up to 3 weeks after the treatments. Major changes occurred within 6 days and were more obvious with shorter exposure periods. Possible oxidation and rearrangement of the surface molecules were suggested to contribute to the decreased wettability and increased weight of the treated materials during storage. The final stabilized surfaces still demonstrated superior wetting characteristics.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Improvement of hydrophilicity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by non-polymer-forming gaseous glow discharge

Hsieh¹,

Chen²

1985

Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results of surface elemental analyses of the nylon and PP fabric surfaces are shown in Tables I and II. Padhye et al achieved etching of nylon 66 film with low pressure oxygen gas plasma [ 10]. Following our atmospheric He-02 gas plasma treatment, there was a very slight difference in the surface elemental composition of the nylon treated and control groups.…”

Section: Analysis Of Surface Elemental Compositionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…While plasma treatment may result in many favorable or desirable surface modifications of textile materials. it may also cause undesirable physical degradation of the polymer surface [5,10,11 ]. Treatment parameters must be optimized in order to achieve desirable surface modifications without changing bulk properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifying Nylon and Polypropylene Fabrics with Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas

McCord

Hwang

Hauser

et al. 2002

Textile Research Journal

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polypropylene and nylon 66 fabrics are subjected to atmospheric pressure He and He-O 2 plasmas for selected exposure time intervals. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the fabrics shows no apparent changes in the plasma-treated nylon fiber surfaces, but significant surface morphological changes for the polypropylene. Surface analyses of the nylon filaments reveal small differences in the surface carbon and oxygen contents between the treated and control groups. The surface oxygen and nitrogen content of the polypropylene fabric increases significantly after treatment in both He and He-O 2 plasmas. There is a slight decrease in nylon fabric tensile strength after treatment in He plasma for 3 minutes, while. there is no significant change in tensile strength of the nylon fabric treated with He-O 2 after exposure times of up to 8 minutes.Plasma treatment of textile fabrics and yams is being investigated as an alternative to wet-chemical fabric treatment and pretreatment processes, e.g., shrink resistant (wool) or water-repellent finishing, which tend to alter fabric mechanical properties and are environmentally hazardous. Plasma treatment of textiles may result in desirable surface modifications, including but not limited to surface etching, surface activation. crosslinking, chain scission, decrystallization, and oxidation. Treatment depends on the choice of working gas and plasma density and energy [ 1,3,6,14,17,19]. The effects of low-pressure (vacuum) plasma treatments of polyester, high performance polymers, and wool are well documented [3, 11, 17, 191, while relatively little has been published about atmospheric pressure plasma treatments [4, 14, 171. Despite the effectiveness of plasma treatments on textiles, the inability to successfully incorporate low-pressure plasma treatment equipment into a continuous textile finishing operation has seriously limited the commercial viability of the technique [ 11 ]. Previously, plasmas generated at atmospheric pressure were believed to be neither uniform nor stable: however, recent research on atmospheric plasmas has shown their uniformity, stability, and applicability to processing and treatment of textiles, as well as many other materials [2]. In addition, atmospheric pressure plasma treatment devices can be integrated with continuous on-line processing of textile materials.While plasma treatment may result in many favorable or desirable surface modifications of textile materials. it may also cause undesirable physical degradation of the polymer surface [5,10,11 ]. Treatment parameters must be optimized in order to achieve desirable surface modifications without changing bulk properties. This paper presents results on polypropylene and nylon 66 fabrics treated with atmospheric plasmas of helium (He) and a mixture of helium and oxygen (He-02). Helium is typically used to initiate and generate the plasma at atmospheric pressure before another gas is introduced to the system. If there are no measurable changes in surface or mechanical properties as a result of e...

show abstract

“…This procedure not only eliminates the need for wet processing, but it also yields unique surface characteristics. Several modifications include, but are not limited to: hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity alterations, surface roughening, grafting, and surface functionality 1–10. While these novel changes are possible, only vacuum treatments have been thoroughly analyzed and documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into etching mechanism of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films treated in helium and oxygenated‐helium atmospheric plasmas

Matthews

Hwang

McCord

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research makes an investigation into the etching mechanism of atmospheric plasma conditions on the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. Two types of untreated PET films (S/200 and S/500) were exposed to plasma for 0 to 5.0 min in 30-s increments. The first set of each film type was treated in helium plasma, while the second was treated in oxygenated-helium plasma. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to characterize pre-and post-exposure films. Weight changes and the degree of solubility were also determined. Based on peak area results, the percent crystallinity of PET S/200 increased by an average of 4.57% (helium treated) and 13.56% (oxygenated-helium treated), while the S/500 showed only a small increase. There was no significant change in the melting or crystallization temperatures of either film type, indicating a decrease in amorphous content versus an increase in crystalline material. Weight loss analysis supports this theory. Solubility testing revealed a continual decrease in swelling as exposure time was increased. A model was developed to predict the change in the degree of solubility for polyphase surfaces considering the etching rate per phase. The model was applied to PET with good correlation between the model and experimental data.

show abstract

Electron Microscopical Study of Plasma-Etched Polymers

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Improvement of hydrophilicity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by non-polymer-forming gaseous glow discharge

Improvement of hydrophilicity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by non-polymer-forming gaseous glow discharge

Modifying Nylon and Polypropylene Fabrics with Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas

Investigation into etching mechanism of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films treated in helium and oxygenated‐helium atmospheric plasmas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About