Electron microscopy of fat-storing cells in liver diseases with special reference to cilia and cytoplasmic cholesterol crystals.

Tobe, Kazuo; Itoshima, Tatsuya; Nagashima, Hideo; Kobayashi, Tomoshige

doi:10.1679/aohc.48.435

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Previous studies have established that hepatocytes and leukocytes do not express a Pc [29]. A study of Pc expression by HSCs in human cirrhosis established 2.4% of HSCs (5 of 210 cells) had an evident Pc [30]. The presence of SMO within the Pc, expressed by EpCAM +ve cells in vivo confirmed that these cells are competent at receiving and responding to Hh ligand signals [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The intrahepatic signalling niche of hedgehog is defined by primary cilia positive cells during chronic liver injury

Grzelak

Martelotto

Sigglekow

et al. 2014

Journal of Hepatology

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In chronic liver injury, Pc(+) progenitors receive Hh ligand signals and process it through Pc/SMO-dependent activation of GLI-mediated transcriptional response. Pc/SMO-independent GLI activation likely occurs in Pc(-)/GLI2(+) cells. Increased fibrosis in Hh gain-of-function mice likely occurs by primary progenitor expansion/proliferation and secondary fibrotic myofibroblast expansion, in close contact with progenitors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The intrahepatic signalling niche of hedgehog is defined by primary cilia positive cells during chronic liver injury

Grzelak

Martelotto

Sigglekow

et al. 2014

Journal of Hepatology

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“…These challenges are compounded by the fact that PC are thought be necessary for cells to activate canonical Hh signaling in response to Hh ligand exposure. Cells possess a single 0.25 μm diameter PC and this structure forms and regresses as cells exit and enter the cell cycle 59,60 , making it quite difficult to visualize PC on any given cell in intact liver tissue, even with the best available approach (i.e., confocal microscopy with antibodies to acetylated tubulin 61 . This task is particularly daunting during the various phases of an active wound healing response.…”

Section: The Hedgehog Pathway In the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hedgehog signalling in liver pathophysiology

Machado

Diehl

2018

Journal of Hepatology

132

121

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Liver disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide despite recent successes in the field of viral hepatitis, because increases in alcohol consumption and obesity are fuelling an epidemic of chronic fatty liver disease for which there are currently no effective medical therapies. About 20% of individuals with chronic liver injury ultimately develop end-stage liver disease due to cirrhosis. Hence, treatments to prevent and reverse cirrhosis in individuals with ongoing liver injury are desperately needed. The development of successful treatments requires an improved understanding of the mechanisms controlling liver disease progression. The liver responds to diverse insults with a conserved wound healing response, suggesting that it might be generally beneficial to optimise pathways that are crucial for effective liver repair. The Hedgehog pathway has emerged as a potential target based on compelling preclinical and clinical data, which demonstrate that it critically regulates the liver's response to injury. Herein, we will summarise evidence of the Hedgehog pathway's role in liver disease and discuss how modulating pathway activity might be applied to improve liver disease outcomes.

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“…Several types of endothelial cells express primary cilia (164)(165)(166)(167)(168), and flowinduced changes in their structure have been reported in corneal (164) and umbilical vein endothelia (169); however, in the latter case, physiological levels of fluid shear stress led to their disassembly. On the other hand, they are detected on embryonic endocardial cells in regions of low shear stress (170) on endothelial cells at regions of atherosclerotic plaques (171), and on hepatic stellate cells (172), all of which are exposed to low levels of shear flow or to disturbed flow.…”

Section: Primary Ciliummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Mechanics: Integrating Cell Responses to Mechanical Stimuli

Janmey

McCulloch

2007

Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng.

553

462

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Forces are increasingly recognized as major regulators of cell structure and function, and the mechanical properties of cells are essential to the mechanisms by which cells sense forces, transmit them to the cell interior or to other cells, and transduce them into chemical signals that impact a spectrum of cellular responses. Comparison of the mechanical properties of intact cells with those of the purified cytoskeletal biopolymers that are thought to dominate their elasticity reveal the extent to which the studies of purified systems can account for the mechanical properties of the much more heterogeneous and complex cell. This review summarizes selected aspects of current work on cell mechanics with an emphasis on the structures that are activated in cell-cell contacts, that regulate ion flow across the plasma membrane, and that may sense fluid flow that produces low levels of shear stress.

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Electron microscopy of fat-storing cells in liver diseases with special reference to cilia and cytoplasmic cholesterol crystals.

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

The intrahepatic signalling niche of hedgehog is defined by primary cilia positive cells during chronic liver injury

The intrahepatic signalling niche of hedgehog is defined by primary cilia positive cells during chronic liver injury

Hedgehog signalling in liver pathophysiology

Cell Mechanics: Integrating Cell Responses to Mechanical Stimuli

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