Electron-multiplying CCD: the new ICCD

Denvir, Donal J.; Conroy, Emer

doi:10.1117/12.457779

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Many studies have also been performed concerning their operation [7] [26], radiation hardness [8] and applicability to future space instrumentation [9]. However there has not been a detailed detailed study into the process of charge transfer within the multiplication register.…”

Section: Multiplication Registermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations of charge transfer in Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Devices

Bush¹,

Stefanov²,

Hall³

et al. 2014

J. Inst.

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ABSTRACT:Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Devices (EMCCDs) are a variant of traditional CCD technology well suited to applications that demand high speed operation in low light conditions. On-chip signal amplification allows the sensor to effectively suppress the noise introduced by readout electronics, permitting sub-electron read noise at MHz pixel rates. The devices have been the subject of many detailed studies concerning their operation, however there has not been a study into the transfer and multiplication process within the EMCCD gain register. Such an investigation has the potential to explain certain observed performance characteristics, as well as inform further optimisations to their operation. In this study, the results from simulation of charge transfer within an EMCCD gain register element are discussed with a specific focus on the implications for serial charge transfer efficiency (CTE). The effects of operating voltage and readout speed are explored in context with typical operating conditions. It is shown that during transfer, a small portion of signal charge may become trapped at the semiconductor-insulator interface that could act to degrade the serial CTE in certain operating conditions.

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Section: Multiplication Registermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations of charge transfer in Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Devices

Bush¹,

Stefanov²,

Hall³

et al. 2014

J. Inst.

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“…In particular, the EMCCD performs very well in extremely low-light-level conditions, in which either intensified or slow-scan sensors were previously used [11]. The EMCCD technology was first introduced to the imaging community in 2002 by the Andor Technology, a public limited company [3]. Afterward, the company has organized a forum for discussing and sharing ideas for the EMCCD technology (http://www.EMCCD.com).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An infrared camera is generally used for low-light-level imaging, but it can capture a single channel image only. Recently, there have been some remarkable hardware advances in the low-light imaging, e.g., an intensified CCD (ICCD) [9], electronbombarded CCD (EBCCD) [13], and electron multiplying CCD (EMCCD) [3]. In particular, the EMCCD performs very well in extremely low-light-level conditions, in which either intensified or slow-scan sensors were previously used [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its advantage over the CCD camera is that the gain is applied prior to a readout, thus minimizing deleterious effects of the readout noise in low-light-level conditions [9,12]. The EMCCD research has been becoming popular among the imaging community [2,3,11,12,17,18,21]. Kriesel and Gat [17,18] focused on applying the EMCCD camera to a night vision system for improving image quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EMCCD color correction based on spectral sensitivity analysis

Son

Kang

Min

et al. 2015

Multimed Tools Appl

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The sensor response function of a color camera is very essential to understand an overall camera imaging pipeline and to process captured images. It is also true when we characterize underlying imaging behaviors of the electron multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) camera, which was recently proposed to acquire color images in lowlight-level conditions. Unlike existing CCD cameras, the EMCCD camera contains partially uni-modal spectral sensitivity functions (SSFs), some of which consists of two base (bimodal) functions, thus often leading to a serious color distortion in existing characterization techniques. To address this problem, we propose a novel method that corrects output colors of the EMCCD camera by analyzing its partially uni-modal characteristics. Specifically, our goal is to correct such color distortion by adjusting bi-modal SSFs to be uni-modal. We remove the secondary region of bi-modal channels using a pre-calculated spectral sensitivity of the EMCCD camera. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the color distortion as well as enlarges a color gamut, which is crucial to color reproduction.

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“…Detector details such as read noise, dark current, and quantum efficiency must be provided, along with more specific quantities such as clock-induced charge for electron multiplying CCDs. 10 Optionally, this portion of the module may include descriptions of specific readout modes, i.e., in cases where Fowler sampling 11 or other noise-reducing techniques are employed. In cases where multiple science instruments are defined, they are given enumerated indices in the specification, and the survey simulation module must be implemented so that a particular instrument index is used for a specific task, i.e., detection versus characterization.…”

Section: Optical System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WFIRST-AFTA coronagraph science yield modeling with EXOSIMS

Savransky

Garrett

2015

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst

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Abstract. We present and discuss the design details of an extensible, modular, open-source software framework called EXOSIMS (Exoplanet Open-Source Imaging Mission Simulator), which creates end-to-end simulations of space-based exoplanet imaging missions. We motivate the development and baseline implementation of the component parts of this software with models of the wide-field infrared survey telescope-astrophysics focused telescope assets (WFIRST-AFTA) coronagraph and present initial results of mission simulations for various iterations of the WFIRST-AFTA coronagraph design. We present and discuss two sets of simulations. The first compares the science yield of completely different instruments in the form of early competing coronagraph designs for WFIRST-AFTA. The second set of simulations evaluates the effects of different operating assumptions, specifically the assumed postprocessing capabilities and telescope vibration levels. We discuss how these results can guide further instrument development and the expected evolution of science yields. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative CommonsAttribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requiresfull attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Electron-multiplying CCD: the new ICCD

Cited by 54 publications

References 0 publications

Simulations of charge transfer in Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Devices

Simulations of charge transfer in Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Devices

EMCCD color correction based on spectral sensitivity analysis

WFIRST-AFTA coronagraph science yield modeling with EXOSIMS

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