Electron paramagnetic resonance enhanced crystal field analysis for low point-group symmetry systems: C_2vsites in Sm³⁺:CaF₂/SrF₂

Abstract

We present a comprehensive spectroscopic study of C 2v point-group symmetry sites in Sm 3+ :CaF 2 /SrF 2 codoped with either NaF or LiF. Data includes electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of Zeeman and hyperfine interactions for the ground state, as well as site-selective excitation and fluorescence spectroscopy up to the 4 G 5/2 multiplet. Inclusion of the EPR data allowed us to determine unique crystalfield parameters. The parameters provide information about the geometry of the sites and the nature of the interactions between the Sm 3+ dopant and the alkaline earth co-dopant.

Zeeman and laser site selective spectroscopy of C1 point group symmetry Sm3+ centres in Y2SiO5: a parametrized crystal-field analysis for the 4f 5 configuration

“…Table VI shows the predicted zero-field hyperfine splittings of the 6 H 5/2 Z 1 ground and 4 G 5/2 A 1 excited states for both sites in Sm 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 . As the hyperfine parameters are largely host invariant, the hyperfine parameter determined for Sm 3+ :CaF 2 , co-doped with Na 3+ ions, was used in our predictions [49]. It should be noted that the nuclear-quadrupole parameter was not determined in [49] and was set to zero in our predictions.…”

“…As the hyperfine parameters are largely host invariant, the hyperfine parameter determined for Sm 3+ :CaF 2 , co-doped with Na 3+ ions, was used in our predictions [49]. It should be noted that the nuclear-quadrupole parameter was not determined in [49] and was set to zero in our predictions. The ground state ( 6 H 5/2 Z 1 ) hyperfine structure is predicted to span about 4 GHz for both sites, while the excited state ( 4 G 5/2 A 1 ) of both sites is expected to span about 2.5 GHz.…”

Transferability of Crystal-Field Parameters for Rare-Earth Ions in Y2SiO5 Tested by Zeeman Spectroscopy

“…The reader is referred to Refs. [17,11,18] for a discussion of the calculation of hyperfine effects with a crystal-field model.…”

“…Determination of crystal-field parameters for low-symmetry systems is non-trivial. Data from Zeeman splitting is essential to give orientation information necessary to determine a unique set of parameters [10,11]. In C 1 symmetry (i.e.…”

Electron-Nuclear Interactions as a Test of Crystal-Field Parameters for Low Symmetry Systems: Zeeman-Hyperfine Spectroscopy of Ho$^{3+}$ Doped Y$_2$SiO$_5$

“…However, the determination of crystal-field parameters for crystals where the rare-earth ions occupy low point-group symmetry sites is non-trivial. Additional information from magnetic splittings is essential to provide the orientation information necessary to determine a unique set of parameters [18,19]. In C 1 symmetry (i.e.…”