Electron Scattering and Nuclear Structure

Frois, B.; Papanicolas, Costas N.

doi:10.1146/annurev.ns.37.120187.001025

Cited by 88 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…Charge distributions in atomic nuclei [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] provide very detailed information about nuclear structure. They are obtained through the analysis of elastic electronnucleus scattering data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond-mean-field study of the possible “bubble” structure of34Si

et al. 2012

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Recent self-consistent mean-field calculations predict a substantial depletion of the proton density in the interior of 34 Si. In the present study, we investigate how correlations beyond the mean field modify this finding. The framework of the calculation is a particle-number and angularmomentum projected Generator Coordinate Method based on Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov+Lipkin-Nogami states with axial quadrupole deformation. The parametrization SLy4 of the Skyrme energy density functional is used together with a density-dependent pairing energy functional. For the first time, the generator coordinate method is applied to the calculation of charge and transition densities. The impact of pairing correlations, symmetry restorations and shape mixing on the density profile is analyzed step by step. All these effects significantly alter the radial density profile, and tend to bring it closer to a Fermi-type density distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond-mean-field study of the possible “bubble” structure of34Si

et al. 2012

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“…3,4 This is also the case with the occupation numbers, the hole-state spectral functions, with characteristics of nuclear reactions and others. 1,2,[5][6][7] This imposes the development of correlation methods going beyond the limits of the mean-field approximation (MFA) which account for nucleon-nucleon correlations (see, e.g., Ref. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENERATOR COORDINATE METHOD CALCULATIONS FOR GROUND AND FIRST EXCITED COLLECTIVE STATES IN ⁴He, ¹⁶O AND ⁴⁰Ca NUCLEI

Ivanov

Antonov

Gaidarov

2000

Int. J. Mod. Phys. E

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The main characteristics of the ground and, in particular, the first excited monopole state in the 4 He, 16 O and 40 Ca nuclei are studied within the generator coordinate method using Skyrme-type effective forces and three construction potentials, namely the harmonic-oscillator, the square-well and Woods-Saxon potentials. Calculations of density distributions, radii, nucleon momentum distributions, natural orbitals, occupation numbers and depletions of the Fermi sea, as well as of pair density and momentum distributions are carried out. A comparison of these quantities for both ground and first excited monopole states with the available empirical data and with the results of other theoretical methods are given and discussed in detail.

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“…The RPA has proven quite successful in describing the spectrum and the transition charge densities of low-frequency collective excitations of spherical nuclei, such as the octupole excitations in doubly closedshell nuclei. 6 Unfortunately, tests of the predictions of these theories for higher-frequency collective excitations have been hindered by the fact that the experimental determination of the location and particularly the strength of resonances other than the isovector giant dipole resonance has been controversial. 7 " 20 Our study was undertaken for the purpose of determining the location and strength of monopole and quadrupole excitations in the giant resonance region in order to provide such a test in 208 Pb.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The results of this approach have been tested extensively throughout the periodic table and, in particular, in the lead region. 3,6,30 It describes successfully both the ground-state properties and the transition densities of low-frequency collective excitations of spherical nuclei. The calculated El and £0 responses were folded with the same Breit-Wigner shapes used for the RPA calculations of Wambach and Co', in order to facilitate a comparison with the data.…”

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(e,e′n) Coincidence Studies of the Giant Multipole Resonances ofPb
Go
¹
,
Ls
²
,
Doerfler
³

et al. 1988
Phys. Rev. Lett.
42
1
16
0
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The isoscalar monopole and quadrupole giant multipole resonances of 208 Pb have been studied in the excitation region of 9 to 16 MeV by coincident electron scattering. Concentrations of strength have been found at 10.4 and 14.2 MeV, in reasonable agreement with the predictions of mean-field theory. The measurements reported are the first nuclear-structure investigation carried out by use of the (e,e'n) reaction. Giant multipole resonances are the most important manifestations of collective behavior in atomic nuclei. Our knowledge concerning these fundamental modes of excitation is still rather primitive (as compared, for example, to our knowledge of the corresponding bound excitations), despite extensive theoretical and experimental research efforts over the last thirty years. 1,2 Perhaps the most significant reason for this unsatisfactory situation has been the lack of a probe of sufficient versatility and precision. Photonuclear reactions are well suited for the study of dipole excitations, but they can neither excite higher multipoles easily nor study the spatial characteristics of the excitation matrix elements. Hadronic probes are limited in accuracy because of their complicated reaction mechanisms and their lack of multipole selectivity. Inclusive electron scattering, the probe most often used for high-precision studies of nuclear structure, is of limited use for the study of continuum excitations because of the larger "background" due to the elasticscattering radiative tail.The recent development of cw electron accelerators has provided a powerful new probe for the study of giant resonances: coincident electron scattering. The coincidence requirement removes the contribution of the elastic radiative tail, allowing the study of the giant resonances with the same precision and versatility routinely available in (e,e') studies of discrete, low-energy excitations.Giant multipole resonances, being collective excitations, are best studied in heavy nuclei. The substantial Coulomb barrier that characterizes these nuclei inhibits charged-particle decay, making (e,e'n) the reaction channel of choice. However, the detection of low-energy (0.5-10 MeV) neutrons in the hostile environment of electron-scattering halls presents formidable technical problems. As a consequence, (e,e'n) experiments have not been feasible at low-duty-factor electron-accelerator facilities. We report in this Letter the development of an (e.e'n) facility and its use for the study of the giant multipole resonances in 208 Pb. 208 Pb, the heaviest doubly closed-shell nucleus, offers the best case available for testing our understanding of collective motion. Its excitation spectrum at low energies has been carefully investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Mean-field theory, in the form of density-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations, provides a satisfactory description of the ground-state properties of 208 Pb (and other doubly closed-shell nuclei). 3 ' 4 It has been suggested that the dynamic behavior of these nuclei might be adequat...

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Electron Scattering and Nuclear Structure

Cited by 88 publications

References 0 publications

Beyond-mean-field study of the possible “bubble” structure of34Si

Beyond-mean-field study of the possible “bubble” structure of34Si

GENERATOR COORDINATE METHOD CALCULATIONS FOR GROUND AND FIRST EXCITED COLLECTIVE STATES IN ⁴He, ¹⁶O AND ⁴⁰Ca NUCLEI

(e,e′n) Coincidence Studies of the Giant Multipole Resonances ofPb
Go
¹
,
Ls
²
,
Doerfler
³

et al. 1988
Phys. Rev. Lett.
42
1
16
0
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Electron Scattering and Nuclear Structure

Cited by 88 publications

References 0 publications

Beyond-mean-field study of the possible “bubble” structure of34Si

Beyond-mean-field study of the possible “bubble” structure of34Si

GENERATOR COORDINATE METHOD CALCULATIONS FOR GROUND AND FIRST EXCITED COLLECTIVE STATES IN 4He, 16O AND 40Ca NUCLEI

(e,e′n) Coincidence Studies of the Giant Multipole Resonances ofPbGo1, Ls2, Doerfler3 et al. 1988Phys. Rev. Lett.421160View full textAdd to dashboardCite

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GENERATOR COORDINATE METHOD CALCULATIONS FOR GROUND AND FIRST EXCITED COLLECTIVE STATES IN ⁴He, ¹⁶O AND ⁴⁰Ca NUCLEI

(e,e′n) Coincidence Studies of the Giant Multipole Resonances ofPb
Go
¹
,
Ls
²
,
Doerfler
³

et al. 1988
Phys. Rev. Lett.
42
1
16
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite