Electron spin resonance study on chemical crosslinking reaction mechanisms of polyethylene using a chemical agent. V. Comparison with polypropylene and ethylene‐propylene copolymer

Yamazaki, T.; Seguchi, Tadao

doi:10.1002/1099-0518(20000915)38:18<3383::aid-pola170>3.3.co;2-d

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…at 25 °C) of 3.3:1:0.06 21. The rates of hydrogen abstractions have been stated by many authors 13, 21–27. However, most of these experiments have been performed at a lower temperature than those encountered in melt processing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt grafting of polymethyl methacrylate onto poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) by reactive extrusion: Model compound approach

Badel¹,

Beyou²,

Bounor‐Legaré³

et al. 2007

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The grafting of poly(methylmethacrylate) onto poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) by in situ radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate is a process where the side reactions are difficult to characterize. To increase the understanding of both the nature and the extent of such reactions, products resulting from the same chemical system, where polymer is replaced by squalane and/or pentadecane, are analyzed. The influence of the temperature, the nature of peroxides (used as radicals generators) and the monomer concentration are investigated toward the chain length of the grafts. The resulting grafted PMMA and PMMA homopolymer are qualitatively analyzed by MALDI-TOF spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. V V C 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5215-5226, 2007

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt grafting of polymethyl methacrylate onto poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) by reactive extrusion: Model compound approach

Badel¹,

Beyou²,

Bounor‐Legaré³

et al. 2007

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…22 Peroxide crosslinking of unsaturated rubbers and polymers is achieved via a free-radical mechanism that involves three steps: firstly, the generation of radicals by thermal decomposition of the peroxide; secondly, the radical attack on the polymer chain via hydrogen abstraction to generate polymer radicals; and lastly, the combination of two polymer radicals to form carbon-carbon crosslinks. 23 In order to investigate the chemical changes in composites with Trigonox 311, the sample's spectra with constant 40/30/30 weight ratio of HDPE/EPDM/GTR and an increasing peroxide dose from 0% to 3% were examined. The studied bands have been referenced by Choudhury et al 24 analyzing similar composites based on milk pouches (LDPE-LLDPE), EPDM, and DCP.…”

Section: Attenuated Total Reflectance Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulations for thermoplastic vulcanizates based on high density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, and ground tyre rubber

Cañavate

Casas

Nogués

2011

Journal of Composite Materials

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Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) are a specific group of the so called thermoplastic elastomers. The main characteristic is the existence of a crosslinked rubber phase obtained by dynamic vulcanization in the presence of the thermoplastic matrix. This article studies TPVs based on ground tyre rubber (GTR), high-density polyethylene, and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber. Vulcanization is performed by a new peroxide developed to resist high temperatures and an standard one. The aim of this study is optimize the formulation in order to include GTR, while maintaining a good balance of properties in the final TPV material. The use of GTR would improve the possibilities of recovering tyre waste. A detailed study regarding the influence of each component in the final mechanical properties has been carried out. The swelling properties, ATR infrared spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC analysis indicated a high degree of crosslink and good adhesion between the matrix and the rubber phase. Morphology of the composites was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. A composite containing a combination of peroxides and 40/30/30 of HDPE, EPDM, and GTR was found to show a good balance of characteristics regarding mechanical properties, crosslinking, and adhesion between phases.

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“…It is interesting to underline that the size distribution of the chains of polypropylene was slightly narrower (decrease of the polydispersity). Yamazaki 18 showed by ESR that the hydrogens of methine units were those abstracted first during the process. In a second time, the tertiary carbon centered radicals hence produced fragmented readily.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Modification of Polypropylene by Decomposition of Unsaturated Peroxides

et al. 2004

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Chemical modifications of polypropylene were studied via the decomposition of β,γ-unsaturated peroxides. Six peroxy derivatives were used to test the influence of the more important structural parameters (type of peroxide, nature of the unsaturation, and substituents in the allylic position) of such compounds on the efficiency of the grafting of a function and on the degradation of the polymer. Grafting of ester and epoxide functions on the chains of the polyolefin occurred with a slight degradation of these last ones with the use of acrylic peroxides. The decomposition of a styrenic peroxide allowed the grafting of phenyl entities on the backbone and induced structural modifications of the chains (branching). However, no epoxidic groups were detected in this case. Allylic peroxide did not permit any functionalization of the polyolefin but provoked some changes in the structure of the polymer. Mechanisms for the grafting and the degradation of the polypropylene were proposed.

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Electron spin resonance study on chemical crosslinking reaction mechanisms of polyethylene using a chemical agent. V. Comparison with polypropylene and ethylene‐propylene copolymer

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Melt grafting of polymethyl methacrylate onto poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) by reactive extrusion: Model compound approach

Melt grafting of polymethyl methacrylate onto poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) by reactive extrusion: Model compound approach

Formulations for thermoplastic vulcanizates based on high density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, and ground tyre rubber

Chemical Modification of Polypropylene by Decomposition of Unsaturated Peroxides

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