Electron-transfer-induced reductive cleavage of chlorinated aryloxyalkanoic acids

Electro-reductive Homo-Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides in PdCl2(PPh3)2/Pyridinium Salt Double Mediatory Systems

“…Reductants so far studied include metal reductants such as Na, Li, and Zn, metal hydride reductants such as LiAlH 4 and NaBH 4 , inorganic reductants such as Na 2 S 2 O 3 , and organic reductants such as NADH, 1 ascorbic acid, 2 anion radicals of polycyclic aromatic compounds, 3 and tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene. 4 Among them, organic reductants are usually soluble in organic solvents, and, as the results, electron transfer to the substrates proceeds smoothly.…”

Lithium Naphthalenide

“…It has been used for the reductive cleavage of benzyl ethers, 1 N,N,N¢,N¢-tetramethylphosphorodiamidates, 2 and chlorinated aryloxyalkanoic acids. 3 It was found to be a useful reagent for the removal of sulfide and sulfone. 4 In addition, LN-induced reductive decyanation, 5 alkylation, 6 and dehalogenation 7 are also readily accomplished.…”

Active-alkali metal-promoted reductive cleavage of chlorinated phenols

“…From this point of view, the employment of alkali metals as effective single electron transfer (SET) reducing agents is developing as an interesting alternative in the chemical transformation of hazardous organic halogen atoms into non-toxic halide ions [24][25][26][27]. However, despite their ready availability and high reducing power [28], only two reports concern the reductive dehalogenation of chlorophenols with Na metal in liquid ammonia [29,30].…”

“…Following our interest in the field [25][26][27], we now wish to report on the effectiveness of active soluble forms of alkali metals in promoting the reductive degradation of chlorinated phenols under electron transfer reaction conditions in an ethereal solvent, either under stoichiometric or catalytic reaction conditions.…”