Copper sulfides (Cu 2¹x S, where x denotes position defects) with different structures of the S 2¹ sublattice, such as cubic digenite and hexagonal chalcocite, have been investigated as cathode materials for magnesium (Mg) batteries. Rechargeable performance is only achieved using a cubic digenite cathode; however, using hexagonal chalcocite cathode yields poor rechargeable performance. The face-centered cubic S 2¹ sublattice in cubic digenite, which enables Cu + and Mg 2+ ions to be displaced from each other without causing the lattice to collapse, could play a key role in improving the performance of rechargeable cathodes.Keywords: Rechargeable magnesium battery | Anion-sublattice structure | Copper sulfide cathodeCurrently, a rechargeable lithium (Li)-ion battery is one of the key systems for energy storage.1,2 However, the growing demand for reduced cost and safety in energy storage for largescale applications has motivated the development of secondary batteries using non-Li cations. For this purpose, a magnesium (Mg) battery is one of the promising alternatives owing to its relatively high stability of magnesium metal upon air exposure and high terrestrial abundance. Despite their promising characteristics, the development of Mg batteries has been slow. In fact, although relevant materials have been extensively researched, only a limited number of transition metal compounds have been found as suitable materials for the insertion-type cathode of rechargeable Mg batteries. 312 One of the reasons for this is that Mg 2+ ions travel through the electrodes too slowly. This is due to the bivalent nature of Mg 2+ ions and their highly stable coordination with hard Lewis bases, as per the hard and soft Lewis acids and bases (HSAB) theory. 13 A new type of cathode materials should be developed for Mg batteries other than the insertion-type one.One promising approach is to research materials that enable the displacement reaction, which is a type of conversion reaction found in the study of Li-ion batteries.14 In this reaction, the insertion of guest cations induces the displacement and extrusion of transition metal cations from the original lattice sites, while maintaining the sublattice of anions. In this situation, the energy barrier caused by lattice strains should be suppressed such that the exchange of cations proceeds more smoothly in the reaction process than in most conversion reactions that require a reconstruction of the anion sublattice. Recently, based on the displacement reaction, we reported that β-Cu 2 Se is suitable as a cathode material for rechargeable Mg batteries. 15 In the discharge process for this material, Mg 2+ ions diffuse to the face-centered cubic (fcc) sublattice composed of Se 2¹ anions (i.e. a Se 2¹ sublattice) to induce a position displacement of Cu + ions that are reduced to Cu 0 (i.e., Cu metal) at the outside of the lattice, leading to the formation of MgSe (+2Cu 0 ). Importantly, the Se 2¹ sublattice in MgSe also has an fcc structure. This result suggested that a key factor for suc...