Electronic beam steering using switched parasiticpatch elements

Preston, Stephanie; Thiel, David V.; Lu, Junwei; O'Keefe, S.G.; Bird, Trevor S.

doi:10.1049/el:19970048

Cited by 77 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Electronic beam switching can be used in mobile applications to enhance spectral efficiency as well as reduce the problems associated with multipath propagation. Switched parasitic smart antenna arrays can adjust their pattern so that their main beam always points toward the mobile receiver or transmitter [1], [2]. The phased array is the most common type of electronically steerable array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable Antenna With Elevation and Azimuth Beam Switching

Nair¹,

Ammann²

2010

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

119

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Abstract-A reconfigurable microstrip antenna is proposed for low-cost adaptive beam-switching applications. A small patch-slotring structure is used as the radiating element where an asymmetrical arrangement of p-i-n diodes is employed to switch the pattern in four directions. The antenna provides pattern switching of 65 and 45 in its fundamental mode for the elevation and azimuth planes, respectively. By maintaining the resonant frequency and beamwidth as relatively constant, beam switching is realized using a single feed point.Index Terms-Beam steering, p-i-n diodes, reconfigurable antenna.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable Antenna With Elevation and Azimuth Beam Switching

Nair¹,

Ammann²

2010

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

119

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“…A number of publications [28][29][30][31]. The principle of operation is based on EM coupling between elements to shape the beam pattern in the required direction.…”

Section: Microstrip Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Q-Band Millimeter-Wave Antennas: An Enabling Technology for MultiGigabit Wireless Backhaul

et al. 2014

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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)VilarThe bandwidth demands in mobile communication systems are growing exponentially day-byday, as the number of users has increased drastically over the last five years. This mobile data explosion, together with the fixed service limitations, requires a new approach to support this increase in bandwidth demand. Solutions based on lower frequency microwave wireless systems may be able to meet the bandwidth demand in a short-term; with the small cell mass deployment requiring total capacities of 1 Gbps per km 2 , scalable, multi-gigabit backhaul systems are required. Millimetre wave technology fits nicely into these new backhaul scenarios as it provides extended bandwidth for high capacity links and adaptive throughput rate, which allows efficient and flexible deployment. Besides these advantages, millimetre wave solutions become even more attractive when the cost of backhaul solutions and the cost of spectrum licenses are factored in. Compared to the cost of laying fibre to a cell base station, which is the only other scalable solution, the millimetre wave solution becomes the most appropriate approach.Within the millimetre wave frequency band, Q-band (40.5 -43.5 GHz) technology offers various advantages over currently proposed or existing communication systems. One of the key advantages of Q-band is the large amount of spectral bandwidth available suitable for wide channels (three consecutive 1 GHz bands have been allocated by CEPT and regulated by ETSI). The availability of this amount of bandwidth also enables the capability to scale the capacity of millimetre wave wireless links as demanded by market needs. When wider channels are needed, i.e. for very high bit rate applications, a flexible number of consecutive channels may be aggregated to obtain a single channel. In addition, highly directional, pencilbeam signal characteristics of the systems operating in this band facilitates a high degree of frequency reuse in the deployment of backhaul links so that operators can deliver very large amounts of capacity in a given area. On the other hand, from an operational point of view, Qband radios can withstand higher amounts of interference and more adverse weather conditions such as rain, fog, and snow, when compared with higher frequencies (E-band and Vband). Q-band offers better coverage than V-band as signals in the 57-66 GHz spectrum are subject to the resonance of oxygen molecules and hence propagation in this spectrum is severely attenuated, leading to very short link ranges. Moreover, Q-band has a better link budget compared with E-band (it suffers from less atmospheric and rain attenuation, and has better noise figure and power), and lower fabrication costs.From the reasons above, Q-band technology seems to be an enabling technology for the efficient design of multi-gigabit backhaul networks. Despite their huge potential to achieve multi-gigabit wireless communications, Q-band antennas present a series of technical challenges in terms of performance,...

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“…For a patch antenna structure, the current distribution can be altered by shorting a point location located at the maximum current position [25]. When the point of maximum current is shorted, the parasitic elements acts as a reflector and if there is no shorted, it operates as a director element in the array.…”

Section: Blind Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

VHF adaptive antenna using the rear defogger

Kuwahara

Abdullah

2011

2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)

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This thesis presented the design of an adaptive bearnforming antenna using a rear defogger. The main purpose of this project is to develop the vehicular adaptive antenna for VHF band, which does not require the installation space, does not spoil the industrial design, has low cost and low power consumption. In land communication, there is no clear line of sight between transmitter and receiver. The transmitted signal might be reflected, refracted because of the building or terrain. The receiver might receive a delayed, or reflected signal instead of the original signal. Adaptive antenna is the best candidate to mitigate the multipath fading effects. However, for VHF band, conventional adaptive antenna has a drawback of a large aperture size. Therefore, in this paper a rear defogger is proposed as an aperture to overcome the size problem of using a conventional adaptive antenna. A rear defogger of a vehicle can be used as an aperture, ' 7 -3 and in order to make it compatible with ESPAR antenna, several ports have been 1 1 , provided. One port is used as an active port or output port, while other ports are connected to the variable reactor. Downhill simplex method is used as an algorithm to form the adaptive beam for the proposed antenna. This algorithm is maximized the correlation coefficients. Simplex method has been chosen because it has several advantages. Simplex method has a fast convergence time, robust beamforming, and it can be used for multi-dimensional optimization. There are several steps in simplex method for optimization; reflection, expansion, contraction, and multiple contractions. IE3D software is used to model the defogger with the car and from the IE3D results it shows that the defogger can be used as an adaptive antenna because it has low voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) to make it operate as an antenna, low spatial cross correlation (SCC) for better diversity and has high coupling between port (CBP) for better capability of beamforming. In the analysis, the VSWR is lower than 3, SCC is lower than 0.5, and the CBP is between -6 dB to -10 dB. For numerical simulation, MATLAB is used to make a program for simplex method. From the simulation results, it shows that almost 80 % of the signals have signal to interference noise ratio (SINR) greater than 20 dB. Besides that, null is performed for incoming interference and remained high gain for the desired signal. A Rear defogger is made from heating wire, therefore it is necessary to confirm the effects of the resistivity to the antenna's performance. The effects of the resistivity has been confirm through IE3D simulator and MATLAB programming by comparing it to the copper wire. From IE3D simulator, comparison has been made for VSWR, SCC, and CBP for both resistive and copper wire. The results show that the values of VSWR, SCC, and CBP for copper and resistive wires are nearly same. A statistical analysis has been carried out for copper and resistive wire, and the analysis show that the performance of the resistive wire is slightly decrease...

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Electronic beam steering using switched parasiticpatch elements

Cited by 77 publications

References 1 publication

Reconfigurable Antenna With Elevation and Azimuth Beam Switching

Reconfigurable Antenna With Elevation and Azimuth Beam Switching

Q-Band Millimeter-Wave Antennas: An Enabling Technology for MultiGigabit Wireless Backhaul

VHF adaptive antenna using the rear defogger

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