Electronic behavior of calcined material from a tellurium-S-phenylene-O-strontium-O-phenylene-S hybrid copolymer

Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured lithium titanate by simple peroxo route

“…Batteries are used in many electronic devices such as portable communication devices, laptops, PDA'S, cellular phones, roll-up displays, wearable devices and video cameras [1,2]. In recent years, researchers are mainly focusing to develop an alternative and sustainable energy storage system for near future usage due to the fast fossil fuel depletion [3][4][5][6]. Compared with other existing energy storage systems, batteries show much attention due to its easy accessibility for charging at affordable price.…”

Synthesis and electronic behaviors of TiO2/carbon clusters/Cr2O3 composite materials

“…4 shows the ESR spectra of Ic-4 (which is containing only TiO 2 and carbon clusters) in the presence of an oxidant (1,4-benzoquinone) and a reductant (1,4-hydroquinone) under the irradiation of visible light above 460 nm. As described in the previous papers [13][14][15][16][17], the appearance of peak at 337 mT (g = 2.003) may be due to the formation of free electron in carbon clusters through an electron transfer between metal oxides and carbon clusters. It has been found that the decrease of signal intensity by the addition of oxidant and increase of the signal intensity by the addition of reductant, suggesting that the signal in Ic-4 is due to an anion radical formation in carbon clusters.…”

“…The electronic nature of the calcined materials was investigated by ESR spectral examination and similar measurement was carried out in our previous works for various metal compounds/carbon clusters composite materials [13][14][15][16][17]. ESR spectra for the individual metal oxide with carbon clusters (Ic-4 and IIc-4) and two metal oxides together with carbon clusters (IIIc-5) were measured.…”

“…The resultant new composite materials show photo-responsive oxidation-reduction function with an electron transfer between the metal compounds and carbon clusters [14][15][16][17]. Especially, it was found that CeO 2 /carbon clusters/Ho 2 O 3 composite loaded with Pt particles showed an electron transfer process of CeO 2 !…”