Electronic cigarette and combustible cigarette use following a campus-wide ban: Prevalence of use and harm perceptions

Leavens, Eleanor L S; Lechner, William V.; Stevens, Elise M.; Miller, Mary Beth; Meier, Ellen; Brett, Emma I.; Moisiuc, Alexis; Hale, Jessica; Wagener, Theodore L.

doi:10.1080/07448481.2018.1551803

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…More specifically related to the ban of e-cigs on college campuses, a recent multiyear study reported prevalence of current e-cig use (6.7% pre-ban, 7.4% one-year after ban, 11.1% two-years after ban, 6.7% three-years after ban) following modification of a campus-wide smoking ban to include e-cigs. 17 An important point from this study is that the year-to-year variability in current e-cig use following the ban highlights the difficulty for observational studies like ours to estimate the true effect of a campus-wide ban on current use when the same cohort is not followed up. Nonetheless, our findings are consistent with this study in that both show relatively little acute change in current e-cig use following a campus-wide e-cig ban, similar to previous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of cigarette smoking bans on college campuses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Conversely, the addition of an e-cig ban to an existing combustible cigarette smoking ban was associated with no change in current e-cig use three years later (6.7% pre-ban, 6.7% three-years after ban). 17 The impact of smoking bans on college campuses is particularly important because many adolescents do not become regular/heavy users until young adulthood (18-24 years old). 18 Moreover, the negative health effects of smoking are greatly attenuated in individuals who quit smoking prior to the age of 30 compared to those who continue to smoke past the age of 30.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decreased Cigarette Smoking but No Change in Use of Electronic Cigarettes Following a University-Wide Smoking Ban

Allen

Stuart

2019

Subst�Abuse

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The prevalence of electronic cigarette use is increasing, particularly among youth. This recent trend is troubling given that electronic cigarette use is associated with future cigarette smoking. Here, we assessed the prevalence of cigarette smoking and use of electronic cigarettes among college students before and after implementation of a university-wide smoking ban on campus. We found that after the smoking ban was implemented, the prevalence of self-reported combustible cigarette smoking decreased (12% versus 7%; unadjusted: OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.89, p = 0.015), but we did not observe a difference in the prevalence of electronic cigarette use (26.3% versus 27.5%; unadjusted: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.78, 1.43, p = 0.699). Future studies should identify factors that increase the impact of university smoking policies on electronic cigarette use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Cigarette Smoking but No Change in Use of Electronic Cigarettes Following a University-Wide Smoking Ban

Allen

Stuart

2019

Subst�Abuse

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“…Existing evidence suggests that smoke-free and tobacco-free campus policies are well received by the general campus community 6,7 , and norms shift to greater disapproval of tobacco use on campus 7 . Further, smoking rates appear to decline after the implementation of smoke-free and tobaccofree campus policies 8,9 , though e-cigarette use may increase after smoking restrictions are implemented 9,10 . Comparison of policies across universities suggests that stronger policies are associated with reduced secondhand smoke exposure, smoking behavior, and reporting seeing others smoking 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-compliance with university tobacco-free policies: A qualitative exploration

Yang¹,

Faruqui²,

Sou³

et al. 2022

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Though university smoke-free and tobacco-free campus policies have been proliferating across the US, compliance and enforcement remain challenges. This study examined perceptions and behaviors of employees and students who used tobacco products on tobacco-free campuses, to better understand policy noncompliance. METHODS Students (n=56) and employees (n=20) from two tobacco-free 4-year public universities in Southern California who self-reported using tobacco products on campus participated in focus groups, stratified by university and student or employee (faculty and staff) status, to discuss attitudes toward campus tobacco policies and on-campus smoking. Focus group discussions were transcribed and analyzed after structured coding and subcoding. RESULTS Participants were generally aware that smoking and vaping were not allowed on campus, though few could correctly identify their campus as tobacco-free. Attitudes toward the policy varied by subgroup and by campus, with students and employees at different universities expressing varying levels of support. Noncompliance was a unique interaction of individual, institutional, and interpersonal factors including a desire to smoke or vape to reduce stress, lack of formal enforcement or penalty for violating the policy, and efforts to smoke or vape in ways that reduce harm to others as a way of rationalizing non-compliance. CONCLUSIONS Attitudes toward university tobacco-free policies are campus-and constituency-specific, with similarities in individual, institutional, and interpersonal factors underlying non-compliance. Interventions to increase compliance should address individual, institutional, and interpersonal influences on non-compliance through efforts tailored to specific campus constituencies based on their particular knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco-free policies.

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“…According to the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, it is important to promote and strengthen education and public awareness regarding the harms associated with tobacco [ 4 ]. In recent years, the prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use on campuses has rapidly increased; this is occurring despite the fact that there are many unanswered questions regarding the safety of e-cigarettes, such as whether they represent a less-harmful substitute for traditional cigarettes [ 5 ]. Further, their effectiveness as a means of facilitating smoking cessation and their overall impact on health, especially among adolescents, are also unclear [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use on campuses has rapidly increased; this is occurring despite the fact that there are many unanswered questions regarding the safety of e-cigarettes, such as whether they represent a less-harmful substitute for traditional cigarettes [ 5 ]. Further, their effectiveness as a means of facilitating smoking cessation and their overall impact on health, especially among adolescents, are also unclear [ 5 ]. Implementing e-cigarette–prevention measures in schools could help to minimize the potential negative health effects and illness burdens e-cigarettes may induce in adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptability Evaluation of the Use of Virtual Reality Games in Smoking-Prevention Education for High School Students: Prospective Observational Study

Guo¹,

Hsu²,

Lai³

et al. 2021

J Med Internet Res

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Background Alternative forms of cigarettes, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), are becoming increasingly common among adolescents. Many high schools now provide smoking-prevention education in an attempt to minimize the potential negative health effects and illness burdens e-cigarettes may induce in adolescents. However, it is often difficult to motivate young students to engage with traditional education regarding the harmful effects of tobacco; thus, the development of alternative approaches may be required. Objective In this study, we aimed to conduct an acceptability evaluation of educational virtual reality games designed to support smoking-prevention measures. We based the acceptability evaluation on the following two experience types: game-playing and content-learning experiences. The paths by which these experience types affect the intention to abstain from smoking were also examined. Methods We applied a prospective observational study design. We developed educational games based on three-dimensional virtual reality technology, in which participants operated joysticks to complete challenge tasks. To increase the possibility of the games fostering motivation to abstain from smoking, the ARCS motivational model (comprising attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) was used as a framework during the games’ design. We measured the participants’ game-playing experiences by inquiring about the strength of the ARCS elements; content-learning experiences were measured using overall knowledge improvement and the perceived persuasiveness of the content. A total of 130 students participated in the program. Study hypotheses for this evaluation were derived from a literature review. We used partial least squares structural equation modeling to examine the proposed hypotheses. Results Based on the responses of the students to questionnaire items concerning attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction in the context of the games, most students agreed or strongly agreed that the educational games were motivational, and that their game-playing experiences were positive. Regarding content-learning experiences, there was a significant improvement in knowledge (t129=25.67, P<.001), and most students perceived themselves as being persuaded to abstain from smoking. Attention, relevance, and satisfaction significantly influenced perceived persuasiveness (t=3.19, P<.001; t=4.28, P<.001; and t=3.49, P<.001, respectively); however, confidence did not (t=0.42, P=.67). Perceived persuasiveness, relevance, and satisfaction significantly influenced the intention to abstain from smoking (t=3.57, P<.001). In addition to directly affecting the intention to abstain from smoking, indirect effects were observed from both relevance and satisfaction to intention via perceived persuasiveness (t=2.87, P=.004 and t=2.11, P=.04, respectively). However, intention was not significantly influenced by knowledge improvement. Conclusions Our findings revealed that the educational games were positively accepted by the participating students. This indicates that the integration of the ARCS framework and persuasive strategies is applicable for smoking-prevention education. We recommend that the games be included as teaching materials for smoking-prevention education.

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Electronic cigarette and combustible cigarette use following a campus-wide ban: Prevalence of use and harm perceptions

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Decreased Cigarette Smoking but No Change in Use of Electronic Cigarettes Following a University-Wide Smoking Ban

Decreased Cigarette Smoking but No Change in Use of Electronic Cigarettes Following a University-Wide Smoking Ban

Non-compliance with university tobacco-free policies: A qualitative exploration

Acceptability Evaluation of the Use of Virtual Reality Games in Smoking-Prevention Education for High School Students: Prospective Observational Study

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