Results are reported for the photoactivity of lanthanum-doped, strongly reduced SrTiOs in microcrystalline ceramic form. Photoanodes of LaxSr~_~ TiO3 (withx up to 0.01) were used in photoelectrochemical cells with simulated AM2 solar illumination, and aqueous electrolytes of various pH. The photoresponse was highest for strongly basic electrolytes, and 1M NaOH was used for subsequent experiments. Samples with heavy doping and strong reduction (heated at 1325 K with Po2 ~< 10 -~s atm, and quenched) showed good photoactivity without external bias. Impurity band formation forx I> 0.003 provides an extension of the spectral response to longer wavelengths, and improves the quantum efficiency. Weakly doped samples (x < 0.002) show a modest photo-oxidation after operation in a PEC cell for several hours, but this feature is absent for larger doping. No significant photodecomposition effects were seen after operation at AM2 illumination for up to 50 hr. 9 Electrochemical Society Active Member.
ABSTRACTVarious pieces of sintered strontium titanate doped with metal oxides were used as photoanodes in aqueous solutions. Some of them (having Ru, V, Cr, Ce, Co, Rh) caused photocurrents with light in the visible region. The production of oxygen at the semiconductor electrode and hydrogen at the counterelectrode was confirmed. For the electrode doped with RuO2, the quantum efficiency of the photocurrents with the visible light (400-500 nm) reachedca. 2% under anodic polarization. Based on these results and the reflection and electroluminescence spectra of the sinter, it is concluded that the photocurrent arises from an electronic transition from a dopant level to the conduction band, the former lying a little above the valence band.