Electronic effects of the functional groups in ortho-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acids on the results of NBO analysis

Anion response of dimeric hydrazide derivatives: Dependence on the nature of terminal substituents

“…The different substituent groups can exert different influences on acidities of compounds mainly through electronic effect [22,25] and field effect. The nitro substituent, a strong electronwithdrawing group [23,24], has a negative conjugative effect, which could be delivered from benzene ring to hydrazide group through alternant polarization. As a consequence, the electron density of hydrazide reduced, and the N-H bond of hydrazide group is more likely to fracture and deprotonate [21].…”