2005
DOI: 10.1021/ol050471w
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Electronic Nature of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands:  Effect on the Suzuki Reaction

Abstract: Suzuki reactions of aryl chlorides and arylboronic acids with a range of electronically different N-heterocyclic carbene ligands derived from N,N-diadamantylbenzimidazolium salts are reported. Results indicate that an electron-rich NHC ligand enhances the rate of oxidative addition. However, reductive elimination is unchanged by the electronic nature of the supporting ligand and is primarily affected by the steric environment.

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Cited by 174 publications
(102 citation statements)
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“…Unfortunately, as all the intended carbene ligands could not be synthesized, [53] the electronic effects were studied in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling using only the N,N-bis(adamantyl) derivatives (Figure 4 b). [74] The electron-rich N,N'-benzimidazolium salt 8 was the best for achieving high conversions with electron-rich and electronpoor reacting partners in various combinations. However, even the electron-poor analogue 6 showed synthetically useful levels of activity.…”
Section: Improving the Catalytic Activity Of Nhc Ligandsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Unfortunately, as all the intended carbene ligands could not be synthesized, [53] the electronic effects were studied in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling using only the N,N-bis(adamantyl) derivatives (Figure 4 b). [74] The electron-rich N,N'-benzimidazolium salt 8 was the best for achieving high conversions with electron-rich and electronpoor reacting partners in various combinations. However, even the electron-poor analogue 6 showed synthetically useful levels of activity.…”
Section: Improving the Catalytic Activity Of Nhc Ligandsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[74] Benzimidazolium salts with less sterically hindered substituents have also been used successfully. [184] Glorius and co-workers recently disclosed novel, pyridine-fused bulky NHC ligands capable of forming sterically hindered biaryls (products 216 and 231, Scheme 56; up to 86 % yield).…”
Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Da allerdings nicht alle Carbenliganden synthetisiert werden konnten, [53] wurden die elektronischen Effekte in der SuzukiMiyaura-Kupplung nur anhand der N,N'-Bis(adamantyl)-Derivate untersucht (Abbildung 4 b). [74] Die höchsten Umsatzgeschwindigkeiten für Kombinationen aus elektronen-reichen und elektronenarmen Reaktionspartnern wurden mit dem elektronenreichen Benzimidazoliumsalz 8 erzielt. Allerdings war auch das elektronenarme Analogon 6 ausreichend aktiv.…”
Section: Verbesserung Der Katalytischen Aktivität Von Nhc-ligandenunclassified
“…[178,179] peln (Schema 58), musste das Spirocyclododecyl-Analogon bei 100-110 8C als Ligand eingesetzt werden (51, Schema 31). [83] Wir verwendeten überdies die sperrigen Adamantylsubstituenten, um aus verschiedenen Kombinationen von elektronenarmen und elektronenreichen Reaktionspartnern para,para'-substituierte Biphenyle zu erhalten (Abbildung 4); [74] auch Benzimidazoliumsalze mit kleineren Substituenten waren erfolgreich. [184] [183] sowie Aryldiazoniumsalze [189] wurden mit Arylboronsäuren gekuppelt, wobei als Katalysator Pd(OAc) 2 [189] und Pinacolborane [191] (Schema 62).…”
Section: Die Negishi-reaktionunclassified
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