Electronic-network modelling of rechargeable NiCd cells and its application to the design of battery management systems

Bergveld, HJ Henk Jan; Kruijt, WS Wanda; Notten, Phl Peter

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(98)00188-8

Cited by 57 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Reported simulation results are in good agreement with experiments [4,[7][8][9][10]. Figure 6 represents the electronic network model for a NiMH battery, in which the two electrodes and, in between, the electrolyte can be recognized (see Figure 3).…”

Section: Modeling Nimh Batteriessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…It should be noted that both oxygen and hydrogen gas are present during overcharging as has recently been analyzed and simulated [5,6]. Explanation of the layout and the basic principles of a NiMH battery can be found in [7,8]. Figure 5 illustrates the general concept of a lithium-ion battery.…”

Section: Hydrogen Storage and Nimh Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equivalent electronic network models have been developed for various types of rechargeable batteries [4,[7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Modeling Nimh Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Battery Modeling: A Versatile Tool to Design Advanced Battery Management Systems

Notten¹,

Danilov²

2014

ACES

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Fundamental physical and (electro) chemical principles of rechargeable battery operation form the basis of the electronic network models developed for Nickel-based aqueous battery systems, including Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH), and non-aqueous battery systems, such as the well-known Li-ion. Refined equivalent network circuits for both systems represent the main contribution of this paper. These electronic network models describe the behavior of batteries during normal operation and during over (dis) charging in the case of the aqueous battery systems. This makes it possible to visualize the various reaction pathways, including convention and pulse (dis) charge behavior and for example, the self-discharge performance.

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Section: Modeling Nimh Batteriessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Hydrogen Storage and Nimh Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Battery Modeling: A Versatile Tool to Design Advanced Battery Management Systems

Notten¹,

Danilov²

2014

ACES

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“…1,24 The overpotential, in which the ohmic, kinetic, diffusion overpotential, and the increase of the diffusion overpotential when the battery becomes empty are considered, is modeled as follows…”

Section: ͓10͔mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Battery Behavior for Accurate State-of-Charge Indication

Pop

Bergveld

Veld

et al. 2006

J. Electrochem. Soc.

115

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Li -ion is the most commonly used battery chemistry in portable applications nowadays. Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) and remaining run-time indication for portable devices is important for the user’s convenience and to prolong the lifetime of batteries. A new SOC indication system, combining the electromotive force (EMF) measurement during equilibrium and current measurement and integration during charge and discharge, has been developed and implemented in a laboratory setup. During discharge, apart from simple Coulomb counting, the effect of the overpotential is also considered. Mathematical models describing the EMF and the overpotential functions for a Li -ion battery have been developed. These models include a variety of parameters whose values depend on the determination method and experimental conditions. In this paper the battery measurement and modeling efforts are described. The method of implementing the battery model in an SOC indication system is also described. The aim is an SOC determination within 1% inaccuracy or better under all realistic user conditions, including a wide variety of load currents and a wide temperature range. The achieved results show the effectiveness of our novel approach for improving the accuracy of the SOC indication.

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“…Using these models, it has been illustrated that this way of modeling is helpful to simulate not only these complex battery characteristics, but also the mutual electrical and thermal interaction between the battery or battery pack and the electronics used in the application. 5,12 In order to introduce the appropriate processes and corresponding parameters into these models, more insight in the oxygen kinetics is required. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the kinetics of both the oxygen evolution and oxygen recombination reaction inside sealed Ni-based battery systems under practical battery operating conditions rather than to clarify the detailed mechanism of the oxygen recombination reactions.…”

Section: Oxygen Evolution and Recombination Kinetics Inside Sealedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Evolution and Recombination Kinetics Inside Sealed Rechargeable, Ni-Based Batteries

Notten

Verbitskiy

Kruijt

et al. 2005

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The oxygen evolution and recombination kinetics in Ni-based battery systems have been investigated under temperaturecontrolled, steady-state, overcharging conditions within a temperature range of 0-60°C. Theoretical relationships for both reactions have been derived. The mathematical relationships have been confirmed by experiments on sealed rechargeable NiCd batteries. Under steady-state overcharging conditions, the Cd electrode potential was proven to be constant, thereby significantly reducing the complexity of the interpretation of the results. The oxygen evolution reaction was found to be a two-step process at the Ni electrode: two linear Tafel dependencies were found at low and high currents, separated by a transition region at intermediate currents. The oxygen recombination kinetics was found to be first-order in partial oxygen pressure, strongly suggesting that the recombination reaction is purely diffusion-controlled by oxygen, redissolved into the electrolyte, to the Cd electrode surface. For all reactions, activation energies have been determined. The results can directly be applied to aqueous battery models and give more insight into both the overcharging and self-discharge processes occurring in these Ni-based systems.

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Electronic-network modelling of rechargeable NiCd cells and its application to the design of battery management systems

Cited by 57 publications

References 20 publications

Battery Modeling: A Versatile Tool to Design Advanced Battery Management Systems

Battery Modeling: A Versatile Tool to Design Advanced Battery Management Systems

Modeling Battery Behavior for Accurate State-of-Charge Indication

Oxygen Evolution and Recombination Kinetics Inside Sealed Rechargeable, Ni-Based Batteries

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