Electronic nose based on multiple electrospinning nanofibers sensor array and application in gas classification

Abstract

To mimic the human olfactory system, an electronic nose (E-nose, also known as artificial olfactory) has been proposed based on a multiple gas sensor array and a pattern recognition algorithm. Detection of volatile organic components (VOCs) has many potential applications in breath analysis, food quality estimation, and indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring, etc. In this study, a facile single-needle electrospinning technology was applied to develop the four different semiconductor metal oxide (MOS) nanofibers sensor arrays (SnO2, CuO, In2O3 and ZnO, respectively). The array shows a smooth surface and constant diameter of nanofiber (average of 150 nm) resulting in high sensitivity to multiple target analyte gases. Five human health related VOCs gases were measured by fabricated E-nose and different response patterns were obtained from four MOS nanofibers sensors. Combined with feature extraction from the response curves, a principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was applied to reduce the dimension of feature matrix, Thus, the fabricated E-nose system successfully discriminated five different VOCs gases. Real-time and non-invasive gas monitoring by E-nose is very promising for application in human health monitoring, food monitoring, and other fields.

Evaluation of a Commercial Electronic Nose Based on Carbon Nanotube Chemiresistors

“…where R 0 is the base resistance of the sensor under ambient conditions without exposure to any VOC, and R g is the sensor resistance after exposure to the VOC concentration. This is comparable to the method used by Zang et al in a recent publication [27]. Next, the mean averages of the %Sensor response of each three individual sensors with the same number, and therefore characteristics (see Table 1), were calculated.…”

Isopropanol sensor based on sprayed In2S3 thin film using linear discriminant analysis for real-time selectivity

“…In Fig. 11(b), notable responses are recorded for isopropanol (25), toluene (20.7), and ethanol (19), indicating relatively high reactivity. Acetone (7.8) and butan-1-ol (5.8) exhibit intermediate responses, while methanol (3.6) and formaldehyde (1.5) vapors elicit weaker reactions.…”

“…9,10,15,16 Although cross-responses can affect selectivity, using hetero-structures or doping can enhance specic analyte detection, 17,18 contributing to electronic nose applications. 19 In this study, we propose addressing overlapping static responses by developing new features from the sensor's dynamic response. This will create a database for linear discriminant analysis to recognize isopropanol.…”

“…9,10,15,16 Although cross-responses can affect selectivity, using hetero-structures or doping can enhance specific analyte detection, 17,18 contributing to electronic nose applications. 19…”

Emerging trends in metal oxide-based electronic noses for healthcare applications: a review

“…Over the past decade, researchers have actively explored the application of chemiresistive MOS nanostructures, including nanowires, 8 nanotubes, 55 and nanofibers, 56 in the development of compact E-nose systems. Advancements in manufacturing technology have facilitated the integration of MOS nanostructures into microsensor chips, significantly reducing the size and power consumption of these systems.…”