Electronic properties of nitrogen-doped graphite flakes

Kim, Dong Pyo; Lin, Cunjian; Mihalisin, T.; Heiney, Paul A.; Labes, M. M.

doi:10.1021/cm00016a023

Cited by 67 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Also, the oxidation current of H 2 O 2 at CNx-CNTs/GC electrode is higher than that at the bare GC and GC/CNTs electrode, indicating the higher electrocatalytic activity of CNx-CNTs. This result matches well with many other positive observations of improving electronic and catalytical properties of bulk carbon materials by N-doping [37,[39][40][41]. For Pt/CNx-CNTs/GC electrode, the oxidation of H 2 O 2 starts from a more negative potential (∼ + 0.15 V), which is apparently induced by the catalytic effect of Pt NPs.…”

Section: Electrochemical Properties Of Pt/cnx-cnts/gc Electrode Towarsupporting

confidence: 90%

Surface nitrogen-enriched carbon nanotubes for uniform dispersion of platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical biosensing property

Xiao

Zou

Tang

2014

Electrochimica Acta

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Section: Electrochemical Properties Of Pt/cnx-cnts/gc Electrode Towarsupporting

confidence: 90%

Surface nitrogen-enriched carbon nanotubes for uniform dispersion of platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical biosensing property

Xiao

Zou

Tang

2014

Electrochimica Acta

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“…[33][34][35][36][37] Another dominant approach is the pyrolysis or chemical vapour deposition of nitrogen and carbon containing precursors, such as heterocycles, melamine or aminated sugars, by which a direct incorporation of the nitrogen atoms into the forming carbon backbone becomes possible. [38][39][40] Actually the examples of nitrogen-doped carbons are nearly uncountable, also due to numerous studies on nitrogen-doped graphene, which have been reviewed by Wang et al in 2012 (ref. 41), and on nitrogen-doped nanotubular structures, about which overviews can also be found elsewhere.…”

Section: Synthetic Routes Towards N-doped Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping carbons beyond nitrogen: an overview of advanced heteroatom doped carbons with boron, sulphur and phosphorus for energy applications

Paraknowitsch

Thomas

2013

Energy Environ. Sci.

1,673

999

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Heteroatom doped carbon materials represent one of the most prominent families of materials that are used in energy related applications, such as fuel cells, batteries, hydrogen storage or supercapacitors. While doping carbons with nitrogen atoms has experienced great progress throughout the past decades and yielded promising material concepts, also other doping candidates have gained the researchers' interest in the last few years. Boron is already relatively widely studied, and as its electronic situation is contrary to the one of nitrogen, codoping carbons with both heteroatoms can probably create synergistic effects. Sulphur and phosphorus have just recently entered the world of carbon synthesis, but already the first studies published prove their potential, especially as electrocatalysts in the cathodic compartment of fuel cells. Due to their size and their electronegativity being lower than those of carbon, structural distortions and changes of the charge densities are induced in the carbon materials. This article is to give a state of the art update on the most recent developments concerning the advanced heteroatom doping of carbon that goes beyond nitrogen. Doped carbon materials and their applications in energy devices are discussed with respect to their boron-, sulphur-and phosphorus-doping. Broader contextThe research and design of novel materials that are applicable in various energy devices represent one of the central and most thriving subjects within today's scientic work. The challenges do not only rely on the tremendous need to overcome traditional fossil fuel based energy recovery. While a lot of sustainable concepts already exist, these require the development of high performance materials that are able to cope with certain challenges, e.g. the dependence on highly expensive and rather not abundantly available noble metals, and also a lack of long term stability of those. Researchers have been carrying out numerous studies concentrating on nding alternative materials that can be applied in novel energy devices. Those alternative materials should most preferably be free of noble metals, avoid expensive precursor systems, be sustainable and not rely on the fossil energy sources that are to be replaced, and of course exhibit high activity in the devices they are designed for. One class of materials in whose development and understanding researchers have put strong effort is heteroatom-doped carbon materials. By heteroatom doping the properties are altered compared to crude carbon materials. The by far most intensely studied doping candidate is nitrogen, capable of not only increasing electric conductivity, but also the catalytic activity of carbons. Such N-doped carbons have advanced tremendously in the past few years, especially by proving their usefulness as electrocatalysts for the reduction of oxygen in fuel cell cathodes, or as electrode materials in supercapacitors. Meanwhile the spectrum of doping has been widened, and novel doped carbons have been reported, indicating the promising pote...

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“…In contrast, doping of carbons during solid synthesis by using nitrogen containing precursors can yield a homogeneous incorporation of nitrogen into the entire carbon material. Indeed, several N-doped carbons have been prepared using this method; high surface area porous carbons with high nitrogen content have been prepared using cyclotrimerization reactions of carbonitriles under ionothermal conditions; [80,81] N-doped CNTs and CNFs have been synthesized by methods similar to the synthesis of bulk CNTs, however, using precursors such as melamine, [82,83] benzylamine, [84] acetonitrile, [85,86] N-heterocycles, [87,88] or phthalocyanines. [89] For this class of bulk nitrogen-doped carbons, the most investigated metal-free catalysis is the electrochemical ORR, taking place at the cathodic compartment of a fuel cell.…”

Section: Nitrogen-doped Carbons In Metal-free Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal‐Free Heterogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Chemistry

et al. 2010

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The current established catalytic processes used in chemical industries use metals, in many cases precious metals, or metal oxides as catalysts. These are often energy-consuming and not highly selective, wasting resources and producing greenhouse gases. Metal-free heterogeneous catalysis using carbon or carbon nitride is an interesting alternative to some current industrialized chemical processes. Carbon and carbon nitride combine environmental acceptability with inexhaustible resources and allow a favorable management of energy with good thermal conductivity. Owing to lower reaction temperatures and increased selectivity, these catalysts could be candidates for green chemistry with low emission and an efficient use of the chemical feedstock. This Review highlights some recent promising activities and developments in heterogeneous catalysis using only carbon and carbon nitride as catalysts. The state-of-the-art and future challenges of metal-free heterogeneous catalysis are also discussed.

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Electronic properties of nitrogen-doped graphite flakes

Cited by 67 publications

References 2 publications

Surface nitrogen-enriched carbon nanotubes for uniform dispersion of platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical biosensing property

Surface nitrogen-enriched carbon nanotubes for uniform dispersion of platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical biosensing property

Doping carbons beyond nitrogen: an overview of advanced heteroatom doped carbons with boron, sulphur and phosphorus for energy applications

Metal‐Free Heterogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Chemistry

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