“…Due to their exceptional and distinctive properties, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been exploited with great success [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Exhausted by the great success of graphene, a plethora of 2D nanomaterials have been elaborated and applied to a wide range of applications such as biomedical, catalysis, optoelectronic, and biotechnology [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. However, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), nitrides and carbonitrides (MXenes), hexagonal boron nitride (h–BN), and their derivatives were realized with few layers [ 33 ], which exhibit weak van der Waals interlayer bonding and strong in-plane covalent binding [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”