Electronic structure modulation of MoO2 via Er-doping for efficient overall water/seawater splitting and Mg/seawater batteries

Value‐Added Aqueous Metal‐Redox Bicatalyst Batteries

“…[187] Among different metals, Mg is a low-cost and high-capacity candidate material with good electrochemical activity in seawater, making Mg-based batteries appropriate to the ocean environment. [45] Consequently, Mg-seawater batteries were developed combing Mg oxidation with HER for full-depth ocean application: [170][171][172][174][175][176][177]188] Anode:…”

Dynamic dual-atom synergistic catalysis boosted by liquid metal for direct seawater electroreduction

“…Under nearneutral conditions, HER involves the breaking of a H-O bond in the water molecule with high binding energy, and the alkalinity near the cathode increases during the reaction, enabling Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ in seawater to transform into Mg(OH) 2 and Ca(OH) 2 precipitates. 4 Herein, many efforts have been made to overcome these challenges, such as Pt doping, 5 defect/electronic structure modulation, [6][7][8][9] surface engineering, [10][11][12] atomic dispersed active sites, 13 and synergistic dual active site modication 14,15 on a solid matrix. Nevertheless, sophisticated methods are typically required to regulate the atomic structure of the catalyst, which hinders its further broad application.…”

The synthesis of W–Ni3S2/NiS nanosheets with heterostructure as a high-efficiency catalyst for urea oxidation

“…[8][9][10] In electrolytic water splitting, higher energy is required because of the slow kinetics for the OER with a theoretical voltage of 1.23 V, but the final value of O 2 produced is low. [11][12][13] In order to reduce energy consumption, it is feasible to use other reactions to replace the OER. [14][15][16] It is worth noting that methanol, glucose, urea and other oxidation reactions have a lower theoretical potential to replace the anode reaction.…”