The last five years have personally been a wonderful learning experience for many reasons and due to many people to whom I owe many thanks. Scientifically, I would like to begin by thanking my advisor, Z.-X. Shen. ZX, has created an exciting environment for learning and research by creating a lab which is at the forefront of condensed matter physics and specifically the field of high temperature superconductivity. Personally, as a first year student I immediately connected with his inspirational words for the challenging research which lay ahead. I am indebted to his generous support and encouragement throughout my graduate life. In addition to ZX, I have received support at some point from what feels like virtually every member of the Stanford physics and applied physics departments, which is one of the things I will miss the most about Stanford. In particular I would like to thank Walter Harrison and Paul McIntyre for being on my committee, and especially Shoucheng Zhang and Ingolf Lindau for taking up the task of being my other "readers". Prof. Zhang was in fact the one who pointing me in ZX's direction at a time when I was first seeking some guidance. Of course, research in ZX's group, as in most experimental physics pursuits, is truly a group effort. For all their help and discussions I thank the many Shen group members whom I have had the privilege of working with: