Electrooptical deflection in KDP crystal and its use for frequency control of neodymium laser

Magnitude and nature of the quadratic electro-optic effect in potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate crystals

“…Closer inspection of the results published in the literature reveals that they may be divided into two separate sets that differ by a factor of ϳ100. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Of the values obtained by different methods, those derived earlier by static means are of order of magnitude 10 Ϫ18 m 2 V Ϫ2 and are larger than the equivalent dynamic values. The difference in these results cannot be explained in terms of either measurement error or a dependence of the coefficients on temperature, wavelength, or the frequency of the modulating field.…”

“…Using published values 3 of the piezo-optic coefficient, namely, in units of 10 Ϫ12 m 2 N Ϫ1 , for KDP, q xxxx ϭ 4.15, q xxyy ϭ 4.08, q xxzz ϭ 1.12, and q zzzz ϭ 0.44, and for ADP, q xxxx ϭ 4.40, q xxyy ϭ 3.71, q xxzz ϭ 0.34, and q zzzz ϭ 2.65, one finds that the contribution of the electrostatic force, given by the last term in Eq. (8), to the coefficients g xxxx , g yyxx , and g zzxx in Eq. (1) is, in units of 10 Ϫ22 m 2 V Ϫ2 , for KDP, 7.9, 7.8, and 6.9, and for ADP, 11, 9.2, and 5.0, respectively.…”

“…Such data for both KDP and ADP have been tabulated 4 and the discrepancy in results noted by a number of authors. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] As an example, values given by Perfilova and Sonin 5 for KDP are (in units of m 2 V Ϫ2 ) ͉ g xxxx Ϫ g yyxx ͉ ϭ 2.6 ϫ 10 Ϫ18 and ͉n o 3 g xxxx Ϫ n e 3 g zzxx ͉ ϭ 13.5 ϫ 10 Ϫ18 ; the corresponding ones for ADP are 1.7 ϫ 10 Ϫ18 and 16.5 ϫ 10 Ϫ18 . In contrast, other authors 6,7 quote for KDP (in units of m 2 V Ϫ2 ), ͉ g xxxx Ϫ g yyxx ͉ ϭ 2.5 ϫ 10 Ϫ20 and n o 3 g xxxx Ϫ n e 3 g zzxx ϭ Ϫ12 ϫ 10 Ϫ20 , and for ADP, ͉ g xxxx Ϫ g yyxx ͉ ϭ 4.7 ϫ 10 Ϫ20 .…”