Electroosmotic base magnetic field study of peristaltic transport in a non‐uniform wavy ciliated channel for Williamson fluid with enhancing nanoparticles

Abstract

Ciliary‐driven flows manifest prominently in various physiological and biological phenomena, serving as micro mixers in cilia‐based actuators, regulating flow in small biosensors, and functioning as micro pumps in drug‐delivery systems. Although there are some studies on cilia driven flows, however, electroosmotic flow of Williamson nanofluid in a non‐uniform ciliated channel has not been reported before. Keeping in view, the present study aims to investigate electroosmotic transport of blood through a non‐uniform wavy ciliated channel. The Williamson fluid model is employed to investigate the properties of blood. Graphene oxide nanoparticles are inserted within blood to examine the flow and thermal characteristics. Moreover, streamline patterns, average pressure rise, and temperature contours are also portrayed against sundry physical parameters to present a detailed physical analysis. The obtained results revealed that concentration profile declines with Eckert number Soret number , Weissenberg number and nanoparticle volume fraction while it enhances with Grashof number . Temperature of the fluid significantly drops by enhancing Grashof number and volume flow rate while it rises with Eckert number Weissenberg number and nanoparticle volume fraction . The average pressure rise per unit wavelength escalates with a rise in the volume fraction of nanoparticles (ϕ) in the peristaltic pumping region. However, beyond a critical value, it diminishes in the free and augmented pumping regions. Streamline patterns indicates a shrinking in the size of trapping bolus by enhancing the volume flow rate Temperature contours are significantly influenced by enhancing the Eckert number .