Electrooxidation or Reduction of Organic Compounds into Aqueous Solutions Using Carbon Paste Electrode.

Kuwana, Theodore; French, W. G.

doi:10.1021/ac60207a006

Cited by 159 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Only in the 1960s, with the introduction of carbon paste electrodes by Adams [35] and Kuwana et al [36,37], the analysis of solids by means of electrochemical methods received more attention. In the 1970s and 1980s, the carbon paste electrodes with both electrolyte and non-electrolyte binders were increasingly used, particularly for mineral analysis by Bauer et al [38], Songina et al [39][40][41], Brainina et al [42,43], Zakharchuk [44,45], and many others.…”

Section: Electrochemical Methods For the Analysis Of Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the late 1980s, the introduction of the voltammetry of immobilized particles (VIMP) by Scholz et al [31,[46][47][48][49] has expanded the scope of the application of solid state electro chemistry for the analysis of solids to a variety of fields [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], mainly because the limitations of the previously developed techniques with respect to accessible materials could be overcome. Parallel to the experimental research, the theoretical modelling of the electrochemical processes of solid particles was developed [35,36,53,54,. Research in this field has experienced a continuous growth from the late 1980s, as illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Methods For the Analysis Of Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Embedding the solid into a carbon paste electrode (CPE) [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Here, the solid used as an electrode modifier can be attached either to the surface, or it is embedded in the bulk phase of the paste (see note below).…”

Section: Preparation Of Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroanalytical chemistry for the analysis of solids: Characterization and classification (IUPAC Technical Report)

Doménech‐Carbó

Labuda

Scholz

2012

Pure and Applied Chemistry

156

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Solid state electroanalytical chemistry (SSEAC) deals with studies of the processes, materials, and methods specifically aimed to obtain analytical information (quantitative elemental composition, phase composition, structure information, and reactivity) on solid materials by means of electrochemical methods. The electrochemical characterization of solids is not only crucial for electrochemical applications of materials (e.g., in batteries, fuel cells, corrosion protection, electrochemical machining, etc.) but it lends itself also for providing analytical information on the structure and chemical and mineralogical composition of solid materials of all kinds such as metals and alloys, various films, conducting polymers, and materials used in nanotechnology. The present report concerns the relationships between molecular electrochemistry (i.e., solution electrochemistry) and solid state electrochemistry as applied to analysis. Special attention is focused on a critical evaluation of the different types of analytical information that are accessible by SSEAC.

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Section: Electrochemical Methods For the Analysis Of Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Methods For the Analysis Of Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroanalytical chemistry for the analysis of solids: Characterization and classification (IUPAC Technical Report)

Doménech‐Carbó

Labuda

Scholz

2012

Pure and Applied Chemistry

156

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“…Em 1963, ele utilizou pela primeira vez o EPC para determinar ouro e prata, utilizando a voltametria de redissolução anódica 15 . A partir de 1964, French e Kuwana trabalharam com líquidos orgânicos e investigaram o comportamento eletroquímico desses compostos incorporados à pasta de carbono 16 . A partir desse momento, surge o conceito de "agente modificador", que pode ser definido como qualquer espécie química com propriedades de melhorar a sensibilidade e a estabilidade de um EPC.…”

Section: Breve Histórico Sobre Os Eletrodos De Pasta De Carbono Modifunclassified

Eletrodos de pasta de carbono modificados com ácidos húmicos: estudo e determinação de metais em meio aquoso

Crespilho¹,

Rezende²

2004

Quím. Nova

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carbon paste electrodes modified with humic acids have been used for studying the behavior of metals in aqueous solutions. Many parameters influence the performance of the electrodes, such as the humic acid ratio, the nature of the humic acid, the accumulation time, the pH, the scan rate, and the preparation of the electrodes itself. There are various methos of preparing the electrodes. The goal of this paper is to review some of them. The advantages of using electrodes modified with humic acids as electrochemical sensors for evaluating metals in aqueous solution are stressed.Keywords: humic acid; modified electrode; metals. INTRODUÇÃO Breve histórico sobre os eletrodos de pasta de carbono modificadosA Química Analítica vem aperfeiçoando cada vez mais os méto-dos e técnicas que possam determinar quantidades muito pequenas de analitos em soluções aquosas. As técnicas eletroanalíticas, principalmente aquelas em que a varredura de potenciais gera sinais analí-ticos na forma de correntes, têm sido empregadas na determinação de diversos analitos ; EPC modificados com ácidos húmicos para estudo com metais e pesticidas [9][10][11][12] , entre outros. A partir de 1992, alguns pesquisadores descobriram grandes vantagens em se modificar um EPC com ácidos húmicos (AH) [9][10][11][12] . Para entender o porquê de se modificar um EPC com AH, é preciso compreender as características estruturais e a reatividade dessas moléculas. VANTAGENS DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÁCIDOS HÚMICOS COMO MODIFICADORES EM EPCsEmbora não haja um modelo definido sobre a estrutura dos AH [29][30][31] , existe um fato que muito interessa àqueles que trabalham com

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“…This technique is based on the principle that the electrochemistry of microparticles of electroactive solid material can be studied through their immobilisation on the electrode surface, recording the electrochemical response of the system electrode/particle/electrolyte [10]. The contact analyte/electrode can also be achieved by mixing small amounts of the solid material with graphite powder and a binder (either electrolytic or not) in the typical carbon paste electrodes [11][12][13] or by transferring the solid sample by abrasion to the surface of paraffinimpregnated graphite electrodes [14]; this technique is also called "abrasive stripping voltammetry". The voltammetry of microparticles has been introduced as analytical technique for works of art during the last decade, and a comprehensive view as well as a recent review is available in the literature [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion® as advanced immobilisation substrate for the voltammetric analysis of electroactive microparticles: the case of some artistic colouring agents

et al. 2013

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Voltammetry of microparticles is applied to characterise and to identify solid analytes of interest in the field of cultural heritage. Nafion® is used for the immobilisation of solid microparticles onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode by exploiting the deposition onto the electrode surface of a micro-volume of a suspension of the microsample in polymeric solution. Cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry are applied to characterise and to identify the microparticles immobilised in the Nafion® coating. The analyte studied in this work is Prussian Blue as a typical inorganic pigment, with a relatively simple electrochemical behaviour. The proposed method is applied to a sample of Venetian marmorino plaster. The performance of Nafion® for this analysis is compared with that of the polymer Paraloid B72.

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Electrooxidation or Reduction of Organic Compounds into Aqueous Solutions Using Carbon Paste Electrode.

Cited by 159 publications

References 10 publications

Electroanalytical chemistry for the analysis of solids: Characterization and classification (IUPAC Technical Report)

Electroanalytical chemistry for the analysis of solids: Characterization and classification (IUPAC Technical Report)

Eletrodos de pasta de carbono modificados com ácidos húmicos: estudo e determinação de metais em meio aquoso

Nafion® as advanced immobilisation substrate for the voltammetric analysis of electroactive microparticles: the case of some artistic colouring agents

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