“…Studies first undertaken in the 1940s and 1950s established that the cold agglutinins present in the serum of patients suffering from chronic cold‐haemagglutinin disease were 19S(γM) macroglobulins and that, if in sufficient concentration, their presence resulted in an abnormal (γ 1 globulin) peak on electrophoresis (Stats et al , 1943; Gordon, 1953).…”
Section: Specificity Of Cold Auto‐antibodies: Anti‐i and Anti‐imentioning
“…Studies first undertaken in the 1940s and 1950s established that the cold agglutinins present in the serum of patients suffering from chronic cold‐haemagglutinin disease were 19S(γM) macroglobulins and that, if in sufficient concentration, their presence resulted in an abnormal (γ 1 globulin) peak on electrophoresis (Stats et al , 1943; Gordon, 1953).…”
Section: Specificity Of Cold Auto‐antibodies: Anti‐i and Anti‐imentioning
“…Cold agglutinins have also been found in cats (20) and have been produced experimentally in rabbits by blood letting (21 to 24). The agglutinin is a globulin (7) which moves with the gamma groups on electrophoretic analysis (25).…”
“…Electrophoretic and antibody nitrogen studies have been made (9) on the serum of a case of gangrene of the extremities which had a high titer of cold agglutinins. The agglutinins in that instance were shown to be associated with the gamma globulin and a titer of 2560 at 40 C. was found to be equivalent to 1.473 mgm.…”
Section: Some Physical Properties Of the Cold Agglutininmentioning
Some of the properties of cold agglutinins in certain human sera have been listed in a recent review (1). The knowledge concerning these properties is based on studies of the phenomenon by various methods in serum or plasma from isolated cases of a large variety of conditions. Sera. The sera used in the present study were obtained from 3 types of individuals: (1) a number of patients with primary atypical pneumonia that were included in the previous study (5); (2) patients with hemolytic anemia associated with cold agglutinins but without atypical pneumonia (these cases have also been referred to in the previous studies (6)); and (3) patients and members of the hospital staff who were free of respiratory disease and of blood dyscrasia. Venous blood was drawn and cell-free serum was obtained by centrifugation after the clotted blood had been warmed at 370 C.for at least an hour. Some of the sera had been stored for various periods up to 6 months before the studies were made.Erythrocytes. Blood was obtained from normal human donors by venepuncture and from animals either by cardiac or venous puncture with either a citrate or oxalate anticoagulant. The blood cells were washed 3 times in a large volume of physiological saline and then resuspended in saline.
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