Electrophoretic Demonstration of the Hybrid Origin of the Gynogenetic Teleost Poecilia formosa

Abramoff, Peter; Darnell, Rezneat M.; Balsano, Joseph S.

doi:10.1086/282567

Cited by 57 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…(i) Is P. formosa the product of hybridization between P. latipinna and P. mexicana? This is the conclusion of several previous studies (11,13,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and, here, we attempt to confirm this result with a genome-wide survey of P. formosa and its putative parent species. (ii) Is P. formosa composed of frozen F 1 hybrid clones, or is there evidence of a more complicated history of nonclonal reproduction or recombination?…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…P. formosa is the first vertebrate recognized as asexual (11) and is a gynogenetic species that uses Poecilia mexicana (Atlantic molly), Poecilia latipinna (sailfin molly), and Poecilia latipunctata (Tamesi molly) as sexual hosts (14). Like every other known unisexual vertebrate, P. formosa is thought to be a hybrid lineage (9,13,(15)(16)(17). P. mexicana is recognized to be the maternal species of P. formosa (13,(15)(16)(17), whereas P. latipinna (or an extinct ancestor of P. latipinna) is the putative paternal species (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like every other known unisexual vertebrate, P. formosa is thought to be a hybrid lineage (9,13,(15)(16)(17). P. mexicana is recognized to be the maternal species of P. formosa (13,(15)(16)(17), whereas P. latipinna (or an extinct ancestor of P. latipinna) is the putative paternal species (17). P. formosa lives in sympatry with at least one of the two parent species throughout its range from the Tampico region in Mexico to the southeastern United States (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1A). Although recent studies suggest that P. formosa is a species that consists of "frozen" F 1 hybrid clones (i.e., individuals with ancestry from P. mexicana and P. latipinna at all loci) (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), this result is based on limited genetic data. Additionally, it is still not clear whether P. formosa is the product of a single or multiple hybridization events, although a recent investigation supports the hypothesis of a single event possibly giving rise to several clonal lineages (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ii) Is P. formosa composed of frozen F 1 hybrid clones, or is there evidence of a more complicated history of nonclonal reproduction or recombination? Previous genetic analyses (13,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and the fact that no laboratory has been able to synthetize P. formosa from artificial hybridization experiments (15,(19)(20)(21), suggest that the genome of this species is more complicated than that of a simple F 1 hybrid. If P. formosa is not composed of clones of F 1 hybrid lineages, then, what is the genetic contribution of each parent species?…”

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confidence: 99%

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Population genomics reveals a possible history of backcrossing and recombination in the gynogenetic fish Poecilia formosa

Barbiano

Gompert

Aspbury

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Unisexual sperm-dependent vertebrates are of hybrid origins, rare, and predicted to be short-lived as a result of several challenges arising from their mode of reproduction. In particular, because of a lack of recombination, clonal species are predicted to have a low potential to respond to natural selection. However, many unisexual sperm-dependent species persist, and assessing the genetic diversity present in these species is fundamental to understanding how they avoid extinction. We used population genomic methods to assess genotypic variation within the unisexual fish Poecilia formosa. Measures of admixture and population differentiation, as well as clustering analyses, indicate that the genomes of individuals of P. formosa are admixed and intermediate between Poecilia latipinna and Poecilia mexicana, consistent with the hypothesis of their hybrid origins. Bayesian genomic cline analyses indicate that about 12% of sampled loci exhibit patterns consistent with inheritance from only one parent. The estimation of observed heterozygosity clearly suggests that P. formosa is not comprised of direct descendants of a single nonrecombining asexual F 1 hybrid individual. Additionally, the estimation of observed heterozygosity provides support for the hypothesis that the history of this unisexual species has included backcrossing with the parent species before the onset of gynogenesis. We also document high levels of variation among asexual individuals, which is attributable to recombination (historical or ongoing) and the accumulation of mutations. The high genetic variation suggests that this unisexual vertebrate has more potential to respond to natural selection than if they were frozen F 1 hybrids.

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supporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genomics reveals a possible history of backcrossing and recombination in the gynogenetic fish Poecilia formosa

Barbiano

Gompert

Aspbury

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Comparative study of dentition among species ofPoecilia (Pisces)

et al. 1999

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Many studies in the genus Poecilia have focused on reproductive and genetic characteristics of Poecilia formosa, the Amazon molly, and its sympatric species P. latipinna and P. mexicana. The research literature of Poecilia dentition has been limited to general tooth morphology. Essentially absent are comparative analyses of dentition patterns and total numbers of teeth. The current study uses dentition analysis as a method to compare species in the genus Poecilia and to address some taxonomic issues related to these fish. The study focused on fish from the areas of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico. Through the use of scanning electron microscopy, the lower jaws of Poecilia spp were examined to determine total numbers of outer and inner teeth. In addition, the differences in distribution patterns of the inner teeth were recorded and compared. Statistical analyses were performed to determine which comparisons were significant. This study reveals several observations: 1) variations in the numbers of outer and inner teeth exist in some of these fish with respect to site of collection; 2) differences in total teeth numbers and dentition patterns were found both interspecifically and intraspecifically; and 3) in addition, dentition analysis provided evidence regarding the origin of P. formosa. This study supports the current notion that P. latipinna, the proported paternal component, and P. mexicana limantouri, the purported maternal component, are the progenitor species of P. formosa. Two unresolved taxonomic questions were addressed through dentition analysis. First, the present study supports the exclusion of the triploid associate of P. formosa as a separate species from P. formosa. Second, this study shows a significant difference in the number of inner teeth and in dentition patterns between P. mexicana limantouri and P. mexicana mexicana. Such differences, in addition to previously known distinguishing characteristics, should prompt careful consideration of whether or not these taxa deserve specific status or retention of their current subspecific status. J. Morphol. 239:271–282, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Muscle protein phenotypes and the probable evolutionary origin of a unisexual fish, Poecilia formosa, and its triploid derivatives

Monaco¹,

Rasch²,

Balsano³

et al. 1982

J. Exp. Zool.

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Several species-specific proteins have been identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of skeletal muscle extracts from the diploid gynogen, Poecilia formosa, its related triploid unisexuals, and their sympatric, bisexual species, P. mexicana and P: latipinna. These water-soluble, low molecular weight proteins (7,000-13,000) comigrate with a fraction of purified rabbit parvalbumin on nondenaturing gels and show staining properties similar to rabbit parvalbumins. The electrophoretic patterns of these muscle proteins provide a set of distinctive phenotypic markers for each of the host species involved in naturally occurring breeding complexes with P: formosa. The muscle protein phenotypes for wild fishes and F, hybrids of I? mexicana X P latipinna show no evidence of sexual dimorphisms. Furthermore, the hybrid phenotypes are those that would be predicted from appropriate combinations of parental alleles at three gene loci. The patterns found by PAGE for several generations of pedigreed stocks of E? formosa show strictly matroclinous inheritance of a characteristic muscle protein phenotype and coupled with the electrophoretic patterns of several enzymic proteins reflect the probable hybrid origin of this diploid unisexual. Finally, paternal contributions by P: mexicana to the hybrid genome of triploid unisexuals are clearly demonstrated by comparative analyses of muscle protein phenotypes for P: formosa and its contemporary host species. Our identification of distinctive phenotypic markers in the muscle proteins of several poeciliid species involved in unisexual-bisexual breeding complexes provides an important new tool for further studies on the adaptive significance of unisexuality, hybridization, and fixed heterozygosity in the evolutionary biology of these fishes.

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Electrophoretic Demonstration of the Hybrid Origin of the Gynogenetic Teleost Poecilia formosa

Cited by 57 publications

References 13 publications

Population genomics reveals a possible history of backcrossing and recombination in the gynogenetic fish Poecilia formosa

Population genomics reveals a possible history of backcrossing and recombination in the gynogenetic fish Poecilia formosa

Comparative study of dentition among species ofPoecilia (Pisces)

Muscle protein phenotypes and the probable evolutionary origin of a unisexual fish, Poecilia formosa, and its triploid derivatives

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