Electrophoretic Deposition Performance of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloys for Orthopedic Implant Application

Abstract

<jats:p>Hydroxyapatite (HA) is potentially used as a coating material for titanium alloys to improve their bioactivity and then enhancing the osseointegration characteristic of metal implants for orthopedic application. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD), one of the coating methods that is widely applied for coating metal because of its simplicity and relatively low cost, is chosen for coating metal implants. HA coating layer quality can be controlled by adjusting applied voltages and coating time of the EPD process. However, the optimum voltage and exposing time has not yet been known for new type titanium implant such as Ti-12Cr and TNTZ. This work is, therefore, focusing on the effect of applied voltage and coating time on the mass growth, HA coating thickness, and surface coverage that can be produced on the surfaces of both alloys, and also on the conventional titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V, for comparison. The result of this work showed that there is a significant influence of the titanium alloy type on the HA layer performances. However, it is necessary to choose a suitable voltage and to expose time for producing a sufficient coating layer that meets the standard of orthopedic implants.</jats:p>

Analytical Techniques for the Characterization of Bioactive Coatings for Orthopaedic Implants

“…Drug-eluting porous implants and biodegradable implants that degrade over time and are replaced by healthy body tissue have also attracted considerable interest [ 8 , 9 ]. However, another relatively simple approach leading to successful osseointegration and long-term stability can be achieved by coating implants with bioactive coatings that eliminate implant biological inertness and promote tissue–implant bonding at the interface [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Load-bearing study and interfacial interactions of hydroxyapatite composite coatings for bone tissue engineering

“…The obtained surface morphology of the coatings was found to be similar to earlier reports for CNT-, GrO-and hBN-based HAP composite coatings. 22,[37][38][39] The XRD plot of the coatings is presented in Fig. 3a, showing the retention of HAP phases in all the samples.…”

“…The obtained surface morphology of the coatings was found to be similar to earlier reports for CNT-, GrO- and hBN-based HAP composite coatings. 22,37–39…”

A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualisation of Research Trends in Titanium-Based Orthopaedic Implants

“…Patient-specific orthopaedic implants are the trends of the day and can improve the performance and reduce the cost of implant (Haglin et al, 2016). Infections of biomaterials are common and are highly dangerous (Nuswantoro et al, 2020).…”

“…Bioactive coats on titanium implants can improve biocompatibility of titanium compounds for orthopaedic implants (Karlov et al, 1998). ; similarly Ceramic coatings on the high-strength titanium as a prospective material for orthopaedic implants (Karlov et al, 2001); the anti-biofilm activity of a new bioactive glass coating on titanium implants (Marques et al, 2020); Electrophoretic deposition performance of hydroxyapatite coating on titanium alloys for orthopaedic implant application (Nuswantoro et al, 2020). Some latest researches had come up with wear-resistant titanium-ceramic composites for orthopaedic implant devices (Abkowitz et al, 2005) ; Electrospun fabrication and direct coating of bio-degradable fibrous composite on orthopaedic Titanium implant (Al Aboody, 2021); Activating titanium oxide coatings for orthopaedic implants (Cao and Liu, 2013); Hydroxyapatite-coated titanium for orthopaedic implant applications (Cook et al, 1988); Keratin proteins extracted from human hair are employed for developing coatings on titanium (Jun et al, 2007);…”