Electrophoretic Investigation of Populations of the Cirripede Balanus Balanoides (L.) Around the North Atlantic Seaboard

Flowerdew, M. W.

doi:10.1163/156854083x00307

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In S. balanoides, Mpiand Gpi allele frequencies differ between northern and southern populations in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; the genetic differentiation between populations may result from temperature-mediated selection (Holm and Bourget 1994). Interestingly, Mpi and Gpi are the only two aUozymes in this species in which a strong, predominantly two-allele polymorphism was observed (Flowerdew 1983b), and both loci exhibit nonneutral patterns in other marine invertebrates (e.g., Hoffmann 1981; Me-Donald 1991).…”

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 92%

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Schmidt¹,

Rand²

1999

Evolution

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Barnacles were sampled from various microhabitats in the rocky intertidal at multiple sites in two years. At sites in which there were large differences among microhabitats in temperature profiles, Mpi genotype frequencies were consistently and significantly different. Genotype frequencies for another allozyme locus (Gpi) as well as a DNA marker shown to be neutral (the mtDNA control region) were statistically homogeneous among thermal microhabitats at all sites in both years. The data indicate that temperature and/or desiccation mediated selection is operating at Mpi or a linked locus and that Mpi genotypes experience differential mortality in the various habitat types. If the relative fitness of genotypes is dependent on habitat type, the Mpi polymorphism may be actively maintained by a Levene model of balancing selection (Levene 1953). Because barnacle larvae are produced in abundance each year and spend five to eight weeks dispersing in the water column, there is little opportunity for the accumulation of adaptive divergence over the environmental grain size relevant in intertidal habitats. The Mpi polymorphism may be an important component of a suite of traits involved in the adaptation of barnacles to heterogeneous environments. Due to the relatively high concentration of mannose in a variety of algal groups, the metabolism of mannose may substantially affect individual performance and fitness in this and other species that feed on algae and phytoplankton. Because the Mpi locus is one of the most strongly polymorphic in marine organisms, these findings may be relevant for a diversity of other such species.

show abstract

Section: Natural Historymentioning

confidence: 92%

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Schmidt¹,

Rand²

1999

Evolution

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A case in point is the Mpi and Gpi polymorphisms in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides. Characterization of allele frequency variation across a large latitudinal gradient in the western North Atlantic reveals shallow clines, but no detectable latitudinal pattern in the eastern North Atlantic on either British or continental shores for either locus (Flowerdew 1983). This contrast between patterns of variation on North American and European coasts may reflect the differences in sea surface temperature on the two coasts (see Fig.…”

Section: Latitudinal Clinesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecological Genetics in the North Atlantic: Environmental Gradients and Adaptation at Specific Loci

Schmidt

Serrão

Pearson

et al. 2008

Ecology

138

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The North Atlantic intertidal community provides a rich set of organismal and environmental material for the study of ecological genetics. Clearly defined environmental gradients exist at multiple spatial scales: there are broad latitudinal trends in temperature, meso-scale changes in salinity along estuaries, and smaller scale gradients in desiccation and temperature spanning the intertidal range. The geology and geography of the American and European coasts provide natural replication of these gradients, allowing for population genetic analyses of parallel adaptation to environmental stress and heterogeneity. Statistical methods have been developed that provide genomic neutrality tests of population differentiation and aid in the process of candidate gene identification. In this paper, we review studies of marine organisms that illustrate associations between an environmental gradient and specific genetic markers. Such highly differentiated markers become candidate genes for adaptation to the environmental factors in question, but the functional significance of genetic variants must be comprehensively evaluated. We present a set of predictions about locus-specific selection across latitudinal, estuarine, and intertidal gradients that are likely to exist in the North Atlantic. We further present new data and analyses that support and contradict these simple selection models. Some taxa show pronounced clinal variation at certain loci against a background of mild clinal variation at many loci. These cases illustrate the procedures necessary for distinguishing selection driven by internal genomic vs. external environmental factors. We suggest that the North Atlantic intertidal community provides a model system for identifying genes that matter in ecology due to the clarity of the environmental stresses and an extensive experimental literature on ecological function. While these organisms are typically poor genetic and genomic models, advances in comparative genomics have provided access to molecular tools that can now be applied to taxa with well-defined ecologies. As many of the organisms we discuss have tight physiological limits driven by climatic factors, this synthesis of molecular population genetics with marine ecology could provide a sensitive means of assessing evolutionary responses to climate change.

show abstract

“… a: This article; b: Flowerdew (1983); c: Holm & Bourget (1994); Brind'Amour et al. (2002); Drouin et al.…”

Section: Allozyme Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional variation in the spatial scale of selection at *MPI** and *GPI** in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides (Crustacea)

Véliz

Bourget

Bernatchez

2004

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Elucidating the ecological processes by which adaptive genetic polymorphism is maintained in heterogeneous environments requires knowledge on the spatial scale at which alternate habitats affect genotype‐specific fitness. The general objective of this study was to document patterns of temporal and spatial variation of genetic polymorphism in the acorn barnacle (Semibalanus balanoides) at MPI* and GPI* allozyme loci. A total of 7261 barnacles were sampled in the intertidal at various locations north and south of the Miramichi estuary, New Brunswick, Canada. The results of this study supported the hypothesis that both MPI* and GPI* are under the effect of strong directional selection south of the Miramichi, whereas neutrality cannot be ruled out at sampling sites located north of the estuary. Comparisons between this study and previous ones also question the generality of current hypotheses regarding ecological processes that are responsible for maintaining polymorphism at MPI* and GPI* in the acorn barnacle.

show abstract

Electrophoretic Investigation of Populations of the Cirripede Balanus Balanoides (L.) Around the North Atlantic Seaboard

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Ecological Genetics in the North Atlantic: Environmental Gradients and Adaptation at Specific Loci

Regional variation in the spatial scale of selection at *MPI** and *GPI** in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides (Crustacea)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electrophoretic Investigation of Populations of the Cirripede Balanus Balanoides (L.) Around the North Atlantic Seaboard

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Intertidal Microhabitat and Selection at MPI: Interlocus Contrasts in the Northern Acorn Barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides

Ecological Genetics in the North Atlantic: Environmental Gradients and Adaptation at Specific Loci

Regional variation in the spatial scale of selection at MPI* and GPI* in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides (Crustacea)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Regional variation in the spatial scale of selection at *MPI** and *GPI** in the acorn barnacle Semibalanus balanoides (Crustacea)