Electrophoretic survey of seedling esterases in wheats in relation to their phylogeny

Jaaska, Vello

doi:10.1007/bf00282570

Cited by 116 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This can also be applicable to hybrid isoenzyme forms (dimers, trimers or tetramers, etc. ), since these forms can occur only due to the presence of various polymers in plant tissues and organs [15,18,19]. The fact that the identified isoenzymes are encoded by homeologous chromosomes (and possibly their arms) is consistent with the hypothesis about a relatively recent differentiation of A, B and D genomes in wheat [21].…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

“…Genes for esterase of immature seeds, roots, leaf blades and green leaves are mapped on 3AS, 3BS and 3DS chromosome arms [15][16][17]. Different specific loci are identified -for etiolated coleoptile esterase on 3AL, 3BL, 3DL, 7BS and 7DS chromosomes [18], for etiolated leaves esterase on 6AL, 6BL and 6DL chromosomes [18][19][20], and for mature seed esterase on the long arm of chromosomes 3AL, 3BL and 3DL [20][21][22]. Wheat esterases are described as monomers or dimers [15,18,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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ISOZYMIC ANALYSIS OF ESTERASES IN MATURE SEEDS OF HEXAPLOID SOFT WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Rudakova¹,

Рудаков²,

Давыдова³

et al. 2016

S-h. biol.

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A b s t r a c tEsterases represent a large group of enzymes that catalyze cleavage of multiple-ester bonds. In general, they are divided into four types: cholinesterases (most frequently, these are identified using ordinary electrophoretic analysis), acetylesterases, arylesterases and carboxyl esterases. Plant carboxyl esterases catalyze conversion of the esters into bioactive acids and alcohols, thereby playing a key role in many biological processes. Lack of epistatic interactions as well as a co-dominant nature of the inheritance of the esterase isozymes makes them meaningful for quick and accessible investigation of the processes of biochemical adaptation to environmental changes. Such a type of markers, which is convenient for solution of practical problems of selection, can be used as a tool that can speed up and simplify the selection of the significant material. The aim of this study was to estimate the isoenzyme profile of esterases isolated from mature seeds, and to ascertain, using such a biochemical marker, the polymorphism among samples of promising breeding material of the hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Ripe seeds from following wheat cultivars were used as samples: Zlata, Lyubava, Agatha, Lisa (spring wheat) and Mera (winter wheat) (originated by Moscow Agricultural Research Institute «Nemchinovka», Moscow Province); lines AFI91 and AFI177 (spring wheat) and recombinant inbred lines of the mapping populations 10,29, 32, 44, 47, 57, 83, 88, 89, and 115 (spring wheat) (originated by Agrophysical Research Institute -AFI, St. Petersburg). The seeds were ground in a porcelain mortar and the flour was sieved. The enzymes were extracted from the flour and subjected to vertical native electrophoresis using 4 % concentrating and 8 % separating polyacrylamide gels. Molecular weight markers were Page Ruler Prestained Protein Ladder «Thermo Scientific» (Lithuania). After electrophoresis, gels were treated with a reagent for a nonspecific esterase and scanned. Individual electrophoretic profile of each sample was estimated. Heterozygosity and its dispersion were calculated. The esterase complex in the wheat seeds studied was represented by 10 isoforms. From 9 to 10 isoforms of various electrophoretic mobility have been identified in cultivars Zlata, Lyubava, Agatha, Lisa and Mera, 7 isoforms were found in line AFI91, 8 isoforms -in AFI177, and from 7 to 10 isoforms -in ITMI lines. All samples were characterized by the presence of esterases isoforms Est-8, Est-9 and Est-10. Heterogeneity was only found in the qualitative and quantitative composition of esterases with a greater molecular weight -Est-1, Est-2, Est-3, Est-4, Est-5, Est-6, and Est-7. Each variety among eighteen varieties and lines had a genotype different from that in the other samples. The average heterozygosity (H) of samples within 10 loci encoding esterase isoforms was 0.924; the dispersion of heterozygosity for all the samples studied was Var(H) = 0.0004. As a result of the analyses, following most promising breeding parental forms a...

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supporting

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ISOZYMIC ANALYSIS OF ESTERASES IN MATURE SEEDS OF HEXAPLOID SOFT WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Rudakova¹,

Рудаков²,

Давыдова³

et al. 2016

S-h. biol.

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“…ACO was stained as in Chenicek & Hart (1987), EP was stained as in Tang & Hart (1975), EST was stained as in Jaaska (1980), GAPD was Harris & Hopkinson (1976) and SKDH was stained as in Neuman & Hart (1983). ACPH was visualized with 40 mL 0.1 Tris-HCl buffer, pH 5.8, containing 40 mg of 1-naphthyl phosphate and 40 mg of Fast Garnet GBC salt.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of variation among geographically diverse accessions of Ae. squarrosa from the world germ-plasm collections have been carried out using molecular markers, such as allozymes (Jaaska, 1980(Jaaska, , 1981(Jaaska, , 1984Lagudah & Halloran, 1989;Dudnikov & Goncharov, 1993), storage proteins (Lagudah & Halloran, 1988) and DNA markers (Lubbers et al, 1991). Information on the extent of genetic variation in Ae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allozyme variation in Transcaucasian populations of Aegilops squarrosa

Dudnikov

1998

Heredity

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Genetic variation at 27 enzyme loci was studied in 24 Transcaucasian populations of Aegilops squarrosa: 12 ssp. eusquarrosa and 12 ssp. strangulata populations. Most of the genetic variation was among populations: G ST accounted for 0.67 and 0.64 for ssp. eusquarrosa and ssp. strangulata, respectively. The Acph1, Est2, Est5, Got1 and Got2 loci were found to be involved in the adaptive process of Ae. squarrosa subspecies divergence. Allele variation at the Ep locus is most likely to be neutral. The remaining 21 enzyme loci are under purifying selection of different intensities.

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“…(syn. Aegilops tauschii; DD; 2n=2x=14) (Kihara 1944;McFadden and Sears 1946) in the Southern regions of the Caspian Sea (Jaaska 1980;Dvorµk et al 1998). In contrast, the origin of hulled hexaploid spelt (Triticum spelta L.; syn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

About the origin of European spelt (Triticum spelta L.): allelic differentiation of the HMW Glutenin B1-1 and A1-2 subunit genes

2003

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To investigate the origin of European spelt (Triticum spelta L., genome AABBDD) and its relation to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD), we analysed an approximately 1-kb sequence, including a part of the promoter and the coding region, of the highmolecular-weight (HMW) glutenin B1-1 and A1-2 subunit genes in 58 accessions of hexa-and tetraploid wheat from different geographical regions. Six Glu-B1-1 and five Glu-A1-2 alleles were identified based on 21 and 19 informative sites, respectively, which suggests a polyphyletic origin of the A-and B-genomes of hexaploid wheat. In both genes, a group of alleles clustered in a distinct, so-called beta subclade. High frequencies of alleles from the Glu-B1-1 and Glu-A1-2 beta subclades differentiated European spelt from Asian spelt and bread wheat. This indicates different origins of European and Asian spelt, and that European spelt does not derive from the hulled progenitors of bread wheat. The conjoint differentiation of alleles of the A-and B-genome in European spelt suggests the introgression of a tetraploid wheat into free-threshing hexaploid wheat as the origin of European spelt. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at http://dx

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Electrophoretic survey of seedling esterases in wheats in relation to their phylogeny

Cited by 116 publications

References 14 publications

ISOZYMIC ANALYSIS OF ESTERASES IN MATURE SEEDS OF HEXAPLOID SOFT WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

ISOZYMIC ANALYSIS OF ESTERASES IN MATURE SEEDS OF HEXAPLOID SOFT WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Allozyme variation in Transcaucasian populations of Aegilops squarrosa

About the origin of European spelt (Triticum spelta L.): allelic differentiation of the HMW Glutenin B1-1 and A1-2 subunit genes

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