Electrophysical and structure-sensitive properties of liquid Ga–In alloys

Plevachuk, Yu.; Sklyarchuk, V.; Shevchenko, N.; Eckert, Sven

doi:10.3139/146.111151

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Similar dynamic viscosities were also found for In (1.69 cP), EGaIn (1.99–2.5 cP, calculated, 1.69 cP), and Galinstan (1.89–2.40 cP). , Fitting to the value via viscosimetry, shear rheological experiments with a Searle-type rheometer in an argon atmosphere and overcoated with hydrochloric acid yielded a viscosity of around 2 cP . Interestingly, the addition of more In to the Ga–In alloy leads to monotonically increasing viscosity. − Based on the good agreement between rheology and viscosimetry, we advise employing a value of around 2 cP for the viscosity of Galinstan and a slightly higher value of approximately 2.5 cP for EGaIn. An overview of the viscosities is given in Table .…”

Section: Viscoelastic Propertiessupporting

confidence: 63%

Critical Review on the Physical Properties of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals and Selected Pathways for Their Alteration

2021

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Gallium-based liquid metals have gained plenty of attention in the scientific community due to their extraordinary properties. The most intriguing properties of liquid metals are high surface tension, density anomaly, high electrical and thermal conductivity, phase transition, and their temperature and low viscosity in combination with their low toxicity. Though there are many reports of the physical properties of gallium-based liquid metals, some of these are highly scattered and inconsistent. Therefore, we compile literature data of these aspects of gallium-based liquid metals, point out general relationships of these physical parameters, and unravel inconsistencies in the literature. Subsequently, we state reasons for the observed scatter and recommend science-based values researchers should employ. Furthermore, we discuss important dependencies between the physical parameters, introduce methods to alter the physical parameters, and introduce selected applications based on changing the physical properties. Finally, we point out open questions concerned with the physical parameters of liquid metals, which should be investigated in the future.

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Section: Viscoelastic Propertiessupporting

confidence: 63%

Critical Review on the Physical Properties of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals and Selected Pathways for Their Alteration

2021

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“…The cell is filled with the liquid metal alloy GaInSn with Prandtl number Pr= 0.029. Other relevant physical parameters at 20 • C are 30 : density ρ = 6350 kg/m 3 , kinematic viscosity ν = 3.44 × 10 −7 m 2 /s, and electrical conductivity σ = 3.27 × 10 6 (Ω m) −1 . From the latter two values, we derive a magnetic Prandtl number Pm = µ 0 σ ν = 1.40 × 10 −6 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generating a tide-like flow in a cylindrical vessel by electromagnetic forcing

Jüstel¹,

Röhrborn²,

Frick³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We show and compare numerical and experimental results on the electromagnetic generation of a tide-like flow structure in a cylindrical vessel which is filled with the eutectic liquid metal alloy GaInSn. Fields of various strengths and frequencies are applied to drive liquid metal flows. The impact of the field variations on amplitude and structure of the flows are investigated. The results represent the basis for a future Rayleigh-Bénard experiment, in which a modulated tide-like flow perturbation is expected to synchronize the typical sloshing mode of the large-scale circulation. A similar entrainment mechanism for the helicity in the Sun may be responsible for the synchronization of the solar dynamo with the alignment cycle of the tidally dominant planets Venus, Earth and Jupiter.

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“…1). As working fluid we use the liquid metal alloy GaInSn with the following physical parameters (at 20 • C, see 52 length for this state is estimate to be around 50 s. From the electromagnetic point of view both copper plates are considered to be in perfect electrical contact with the GaInSn. Due to the large ratio (appr.…”

Section: A Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronizing the helicity of Rayleigh-Bénard convection by a tide-like electromagnetic forcing

Jüstel¹,

Röhrborn²,

Eckert³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present results on the synchronization of the helicity in a liquid-metal Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) experiment under the influence of a tide-like electromagnetic forcing with azimuthal wavenumber m = 2. We show that for a critical forcing strength the typical Large Scale Circulation (LSC) in the cylindrical vessel of aspect ratio unity is entrained by the period of the tide-like forcing, leading to synchronized helicity oscillations with opposite signs in two half-spaces. The obtained experimental results are consistent with and supported by numerical simulations. A similar entrainment mechanism for the helicity in the solar tachocline may be responsible for the astonishing synchronization of the solar dynamo by the 11.07-year triple synodic alignment cycle of the tidally dominant planets Venus, Earth and Jupiter.

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Electrophysical and structure-sensitive properties of liquid Ga–In alloys

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Critical Review on the Physical Properties of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals and Selected Pathways for Their Alteration

Critical Review on the Physical Properties of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals and Selected Pathways for Their Alteration

Generating a tide-like flow in a cylindrical vessel by electromagnetic forcing

Synchronizing the helicity of Rayleigh-Bénard convection by a tide-like electromagnetic forcing

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