Surface-barrier structures based on thin high-purity GaAs epilayers with a polyethylene converter were studied as fast neutron detectors. A continuous Schottky barrier with a large area of 5 × 5 mm 2 to the high-purity GaAs epilayers was fabricated using a Pt/TiN/Au metallization system. Results of measurement of electric parameters and α-particle spectra are presented. The fast neutron spectra from the 241 Am-Be source measured by the recoil proton method for various thicknesses of the polyethylene converter and various operating biases are shown as well. The proposed detectors have shown high neutron detection efficiency of 1.30 • 10 −3 puls./neutr. and an acceptable signal-to-background ratio (at level of 50) as well as the capability to operate efficiently without any external bias.