Electrophysiological and alarm behavioral responses of Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to alkoxypyrazines

Sun, Yan; Shao, Kai-Min; Lu, Yongyue; Shi, Qun-Hui; Wang, Wenkai; Chen, Li

doi:10.1016/j.aspen.2017.03.015

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although perception of alarm pheromone has an important role in the chemical communication in ants, only few studies have tested EAG responses of ants to their alarm pheromones and related analogs [18,23,24,26,29,30]. EAG responses in fire ant workers under the treatment of 2-ethyl-3,5-dimeth ylpyrazine ranged from 0.06 to 1.56 mV (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antennal sensitivity of S. invicta workers to 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine was evaluated by conventional EAG methods as described in previous studies [18,24,26]. Briefly, an isolated ant head with antennae was connected between two glass electrodes filled with Ringer's solution modified by Tween ® 80 [27].…”

Section: Antennal Sensitivity Recordingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alarm sensitivity of S. invicta workers to 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine was determined with the same method as described in previous reports [18,24]. We used the number of ants showing aggressive behaviors such as rapid, undirected running as a measure of alarm responses [18].…”

Section: Alarm Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activity of 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine in enhancing bait attraction was evaluated using food block tests as described in previous reports [18,24]. In brief, 0.5 g of S. invicta workers were transferred into a plastic tray (55 cm diameter at the bottom) with a moisturized flat cotton wad in a Petri dish (d = 6 cm) at the center.…”

Section: Enhancement In Bait Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study has reported the electroantennogram (EAG) and behavioral responses of S. invicta workers to synthetic 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine [24]. However, very limited information on alarm activity of 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine is available for fire ants in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrophysiological and Alarm Responses of Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to 2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine

Liu

Chen

2019

Insects

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2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine is an isomer of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, the alarm pheromone component of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. The pyrazine was synthesized and its alarm activity was investigated under laboratory conditions. It elicited significant electroantennogram (EAG) activities, and released characteristic alarm behaviors in fire ant workers. The EAG and alarm responses were both dose-dependent. Two doses of the pyrazine, 1 and 100 ng, were further subjected to bait discovery bioassays. Fire ant workers excited by the pyrazine were attracted to food baits, and their numbers increased over time. Ants displayed very similar response patterns to both low and high doses of the pyrazine. The pyrazine impregnated onto filter paper disc attracted significantly more fire ant workers than the hexane control for all observation time intervals at the low dose, and in the first 15 min period at the high dose. The pyrazine loaded onto food bait directly tended to attract more fire ant workers than the hexane control. These results support the potential use of 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine to enhance bait attractiveness for the control of S. invicta in invaded regions.

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