Electrophysiological Study of Recovery of Peripheral Nerves Regenerated by a Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan Copolymer Matrix

Chang, Albert S.; Yannas, Ioannis V.; Perutz, S.; Loree, H.; Sethi, Rajesh Kumar; Krarup, Christian; Norregaard, Thorkild V.; Zervas, Nicholas T.; Silver, Jerry

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0768-4_12

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Therefore, with larger undercooling, smaller ice crystals are formed, leading to a CG scaffold with a smaller average pore diameter following sublimation [16,26]. Additionally, the direction of heat transfer and the speed of heat transfer influence the shape of ice crystals; the existence of a predominant direction of heat transfer leads to the formation of columnar ice crystals with the major axis aligned in the predominant direction of heat transfer [16,[26][27][28]. Creation of a scaffold with an equiaxed pore structure requires removing predominant direction of heat transfer from the freezing process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of freezing rate on pore structure in freeze-dried collagen-GAG scaffolds

O’Brien¹,

et al. 2004

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of freezing rate on pore structure in freeze-dried collagen-GAG scaffolds

O’Brien¹,

et al. 2004

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“…The absence of ligands of the appropriate a Approximate levels of structural determinants observed in skin regeneration studies conducted by grafting the scaffold on a full-thickness skin wound . b Approximate levels of structural determinants observed in peripheral nerve regeneration studies performed by inserting the scaffold inside a nerve conduit (the conduit connected the two stumps of the transected nerve across an experimental gap of defined length) (Chang et al 1990;Chang & Yannas 1992). …”

Section: Structural Determinants Of Biological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologically active collagen-based scaffolds: advances in processing and characterization

Yannas

Tzeranis

Harley

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

124

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A small number of type I collagen-glycosaminoglycan scaffolds (collagen-GAG scaffolds; CGSs) have unusual biological activity consisting primarily in inducing partial regeneration of organs in the adult mammal. Two of these are currently in use in a variety of clinical settings. CGSs appear to induce regeneration by blocking the adult healing response, following trauma, consisting of wound contraction and scar formation. Several structural determinants of biological activity have been identified, including ligands for binding of fibroblasts to the collagen surface, the mean pore size (which affects ligand density) and the degradation rate (which affects the duration of the wound contraction-blocking activity by the scaffold). Processing variables that affect these determinants include the kinetics of swelling of collagen fibres in acetic acid, freezing of the collagen-GAG suspension and cross-linking of the freeze-dried scaffold. Recent developments in the processing of CGSs include fabrication of scaffolds that are paucidisperse in pore size, scaffolds with gradients in physicochemical properties (and therefore biological activity) and scaffolds that incorporate a mineral component. Advances in the characterization of the pore structure of CGSs have been made using confocal and nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM). The mechanical behaviour of CGSs, as well as the resistance to degradative enzymes, have been studied. Following seeding with cells (typically fibroblasts), contractile forces in the range 26-450 nN per cell are generated by the cells, leading to buckling of scaffold struts. Ongoing studies of cell-seeded CGSs with NLOM have shown an advantage over the use of confocal microscopy due to the ability of the former method to image the CGS surfaces without staining (which alters its surface ligands), reduced cell photodamage, reduced fluorophore photobleaching and the ability to image deeper inside the scaffold.

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“…The rate of nucleation and diffusion are mediated by the difference between the temperature of freezing and the actual temperature of the material during the freezing process (undercooling) [21] where a larger undercooling increases the rate of ice crystal nucleation and decreases the rate of heat and protein diffusion relative to the point of nucleation [21,22]. With larger undercooling temperatures, smaller ice crystals are formed, resulting in a CG scaffold with a smaller average pore diameter [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of pore size on cell adhesion in collagen-GAG scaffolds

et al. 2005

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Electrophysiological Study of Recovery of Peripheral Nerves Regenerated by a Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan Copolymer Matrix

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Influence of freezing rate on pore structure in freeze-dried collagen-GAG scaffolds

Influence of freezing rate on pore structure in freeze-dried collagen-GAG scaffolds

Biologically active collagen-based scaffolds: advances in processing and characterization

The effect of pore size on cell adhesion in collagen-GAG scaffolds

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