Electrophysiology of hypothalamic magnocellular neurones secreting oxytocin and vasopressin

Poulain, Daniel; Wakerley, J. B.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(82)90044-6

Cited by 805 publications

(486 citation statements)

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“…Magnocellular neurons show specific electrophysiological properties and bursting patterns that distinguish them from other neurons of the central nervous system. Among the most distinctive properties of MNCs is their capacity to generate repetitive bursts of action potentials (Poulain and Wakerley 1982). OT-secreting cells demonstrate brief (2-4 s), synchronized high-frequency bursts (40-80 Hz) during reflex milk ejections (Wakerley and Lincoln 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OT-secreting cells demonstrate brief (2-4 s), synchronized high-frequency bursts (40-80 Hz) during reflex milk ejections (Wakerley and Lincoln 1973). VP-secreting cells respond to changes in blood pressure and blood osmolality with a phasic firing pattern, or asynchronous, lower-frequency bursts (8-15 Hz) lasting tens of seconds and separated by silent intervals of similar durations (Brimble and Dyball 1977;Poulain et al 1977;Poulain and Wakerley 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Somato-dendritic mechanisms underlying the electrophysiological properties of hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine cells: A multicompartmental model study

2007

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Magnocellular neuroendocrine cells (MNCs) of the hypothalamus synthesize the neurohormones vasopressin and oxytocin, which are released into the blood and exert a wide spectrum of actions, including the regulation of cardiovascular and reproductive functions. Vasopressin-and oxytocinsecreting neurons have similar morphological structure and electrophysiological characteristics. A realistic multicompartmental model of a MNC with a bipolar branching structure was developed and calibrated based on morphological and in vitro electrophysiological data in order to explore the roles of ion currents and intracellular calcium dynamics in the intrinsic electrical MNC properties. The model was used to determine the likely distributions of ion conductances in morphologically distinct parts of the MNCs: soma, primary dendrites and secondary dendrites. While reproducing the general electrophysiological features of MNCs, the model demonstrates that the differential spatial distributions of ion channels influence the functional expression of MNC properties, and reveals the potential importance of dendritic conductances in these properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somato-dendritic mechanisms underlying the electrophysiological properties of hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine cells: A multicompartmental model study

2007

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“…The withdrawal of drinking water induces an increase in plasma VP (12, 13) and a significant reduction in the neurohypophysial VP content (5, 13-15) by an osmotic stimulation. This is related to VP neuron stimulation as shown by the significant increase in radiolabelled cysteine incorporation (2,(16)(17)(18)(19), increased VP mRNA expression (20)(21)(22) and specific electrical activity (23). Moreover, during water deprivation, the VP turnover is stimulated (14,17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neuronal Uptake of Monoclonal Anti‐Vasopressin Antibodies in vivo and Relationship with the Physiological Status of Vasopressin Neurosecretory Cells

Burlet¹,

Arahmani²,

Tankosic³

et al. 1990

J Neuroendocrinology

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Key words: vaso p less I n , i rn rn u n oc y t oc he m is t ry , n e u ro n a I uptake , in vivo, rno rp h o me t r ic analysis. AbstractMouse monoclonal anti-vasopressin antibody was injected just above one hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the rat brain. lmmunocytochemistry and morphometric analysis showed that the antibody was taken up by neurons with the size and stereotaxic distribution of vasopressin-producing neurons. Labelled neurons were counted with an electronic image analyser. When the rats were deprived of drinking water for 48 h before injection, specific uptake was significantly increased in the caudal part of the nucleus. Conversely, rehydration following dehydration or chronic treatment with 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin significantly decreased neuronal uptake, mainly in the rostra1 subdivision of the nucleus. By contrast, bilateral adrenalectomy performed 2 weeks before injection did not modify the number of labelled magnocellular neurons, though the accumulation of injected antibody in the external layer of t h e median eminence indirectly demonstrated the stimulation of antibody uptake by parvocellular vasopressin neurons.The number of labelled neurons w a s therefore directly related to the physiological state of the vasopressin-producing neurons. Further investigations will have to be performed to prove that the immunological targeting of peptidergic neurons offers a new tool to act in vivo on central neurons.It has recently been demonstrated in our laboratory that monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against a neuropeptide, vasopressin (VP), penetrated into neurons when they were injected into the brain (I). This uptake was specific and occurred in vivo in VPproducing neurons. Labelled neurons were revealed in the brain of rats sacrificed 5 min to 3 h after the injection. VP-MAbs were then transported to neuron terminals, and this transport was inhibited by the prior injection of colchicine. Despite the high concentration of injected specific immunoglobulins and a diffusion volume including all VP neurons of the injected area most, though not all of the VP neurons, were labelled in vivo. This finding suggested that uptake of VP-MAb was modulated and it prompted the question whether neuronal activity might be responsible for this modulation. The present study was designed to obtain further information about the number of VP-producing neurons which take up VP-MAbs in the normal rat. In addition, quantitative analysis of labelled neurons was performed in rats deprived of drinking water ('dehydrated' rats), in rats given water after a period of deprivation ('rehydrated' rats), in rats chronically infused with 1 -deamino-8-D-arginine-VP (dDAVP), or in rats subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy. All these experimental situations are known to have an impact on VP synthesis in different ways: the magnocellular VP neurons of the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei are mainly involved in the modifications of hydric balance (2) whereas adrenalectomy stimulates a subset of parv...

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“…With respect to VP, its systemic release from the posterior pituitary has long been known to be induced by osmotic and volumetric challenges (Bisset and Chowdrey, 1988;Verney, 1947), and governed by magnocellular neuronal firing activity (Poulain and Wakerley, 1982). Studies using ISHH using intronic probes have shown that transcription of the VP gene also occurs in magnocellular neuroendocrine cells under these conditions (Arima et al, 1999;Herman et al, 1991;Kakiya et al, 2000;Kawasaki et al, 2005;Onaka et al, 2003;Yue et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intron-based real-time PCR method for measuring vasopressin gene transcription

Ponzio

Yue

Gainer

2007

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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The hypothalamus contains distinct neuronal populations that express distinguishing neuropeptides. The supraoptic nucleus contains magnocellular neurons that predominantly express either vasopressin or oxytocin. Transcriptional activators of vasopressin and other neuropeptides have been the subject of much research. Here we present a method of measuring neuropeptide transcription by tailoring one-step quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) for the analysis of processed and premRNA (heteronuclear RNA). Using moderate and strong hyperosmotic stimuli to induce transcription, we report an increase in vasopressin transcription (pre-mRNA) of 141% and 406% over control levels in response to a 2% injection of 900 mOsm saline or a 1% body weight i.p. injection of 2M NaCl, respectively. These results agree with a host of studies employing the more laborintensive method of in situ hybridization histochemistry by which investigators also measured intron-containing heteronuclear RNAs. Furthermore, these results confirm that qRT-PCR with intron-specific primers can be used to rapidly analyze transcription, and suggest an important further benefit of a real-time PCR analysis, such as the ability of measuring transcription of multiple neuropeptides along with other genes from a single sample.

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Electrophysiology of hypothalamic magnocellular neurones secreting oxytocin and vasopressin

Cited by 805 publications

References 184 publications

Somato-dendritic mechanisms underlying the electrophysiological properties of hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine cells: A multicompartmental model study

Somato-dendritic mechanisms underlying the electrophysiological properties of hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine cells: A multicompartmental model study

Neuronal Uptake of Monoclonal Anti‐Vasopressin Antibodies in vivo and Relationship with the Physiological Status of Vasopressin Neurosecretory Cells

An intron-based real-time PCR method for measuring vasopressin gene transcription

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