Electroplating tin from acidic sulfate baths containing benzaldehyde

Survila, Arvydas; Mockus, Z.; Kanapeckaitė, S.; Samulevičienė, Meilutė; Jasulaitene, V.

doi:10.1134/s2070205109040145

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For instance, C dl decreases ∼6 times when only 1 mg dm −3 of laprol is added into Sn(II)-free solutions and falls up to ∼13 μF cm −2 at c lap = 0.1 g dm −3 (open-circuit conditions, E oc = −0.26 V). 48 Somewhat higher C dl values (∼17 μF cm −2 ) were obtained for laprol-containing solutions at E oc = −0.24 V. The same order of C dl magnitude remains at sufficiently low (E > −0.29 V) or high (E < −0.4 V) cathodic polarizations 31 (see Figure 2). However, considerably stronger inhibition effects emerge at the potentials of negative slope of voltammograms (−0.33 < E < −0.30 V).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Surfactant Effects in Cu-Sn Alloy Deposition

Survila

Mockus

Kanapeckaitė

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Adsorption behavior of different polyethers (PE) on copper and tin was studied in combination with kinetic investigations. No pronounced effect of PE was detected in the Cu|Cu(II) system. In contrast, these substances show a high inhibition activity on the tin electrode. Halides enhance adsorption ability on copper electrode but suppress it on tin; this effect intensifies in the sequence: Cl − < Br − < I − . It is supposed that specifically adsorbed halides can act as species bridging the copper substrate with Cu(I)-polyether complexes, whereas the model of competitive adsorption is more suited for tin substrate. The inhibition degree of surfactants increases with the length of hydrocarbon chain. Underpotential deposition of Sn(II) is observed in the region of Cu(II) limiting current. The characteristic current minimum arises in the region where the free Sn phase becomes thermodynamically stable. Cl − ions broaden the range of current densities where yellow bronze can be obtained, but Br − ions show the opposite effect. Iodides retard the reduction of Cu(II) therefore tin prevails in the coatings. The deposits obtained present a mixture of pure copper, α-CuSn (fcc) phase and hcp phase of α-CuSn.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Surfactant Effects in Cu-Sn Alloy Deposition

Survila

Mockus

Kanapeckaitė

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The highest level of benzaldehyde contribution was seen in electroplating factories, falling in the range of 16.6 to 24.4%. The electroplating industry has great demand for benzaldehyde (Survila et al, 2009;Ali Eltoum et al, 2011). A tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy electroplating bath comprises typically benzaldehyde and benzaldehyde derivative.…”

Section: Carbonyl Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous airborne carbonyls emissions in industrial workplaces in China

Ip²,

et al. 2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Many carbonyl species (e.g., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein) are air toxins and they pose public healt risks. The scope of this investigation covers 21 types of carbonyls based on samples collected from 14 different workplaces. Findings of the study will not only provide a comprehensive assessment of indoor air quality with regard to workers' healthy and safety, but also establish a theoretical foundation for future formulation of intervention strategies to reduce occupational carbonyl exposures. No similar study has been carried out either in Hong Kong or the Mainland of China.

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