Electropolymerization of p‐phenylenediamine on Pt‐electrode from aqueous acidic solution: Kinetics, mechanism, electrochemical studies, and characterization of the polymer obtained

Abstract

Electropolymerization of p-phenylenediamine (pPD) on Pt-electrode from a deoxygenated aqueous acid medium was carried out using cyclic voltammetry technique. The kinetic parameters were calculated by means of electrochemical data. The experimentally obtained kinetic equation was1.23 [acid] 1.24 [electrolyte] 0.94 from the value of the anodic current density. The apparent activation energy (E a ) is found to be 65.1 kJ mol À1. The obtained polymer films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis, and IR spectroscopy. The conductivity of the polymer pellets is 6.3 Â 10 À7 S cmÀ1 . The mechanism of the electrochemical polymerization reaction has been discussed. TGA is used to confirm the proposed structure and determination of the number of water molecules in the polymeric chain unit. V C 2010Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: [943][944][945][946][947][948][949][950][951][952] 2010

Electrosynthesis and characterization of polymer films on silicon substrates for applications in micromanipulation

“…Such electrochemical behavior was previously observed during the electropolymerization of PPD on Pt electrodes [29,35], but also during the electropolymerization of other amines, for example ethylenediamine [38] or 1,3-diaminopropane [39]. Thus, it was shown that the anodic oxidation of PPD leads to the formation of poly(p-phenylenediamine) on platinum electrode.…”

“…When compared to the large number of papers that have been written on the electropolymerization of aniline it is clear that relatively little work has been done on the polymerization of pphenylenediamine. The main studies concerned its polymerization mechanism [29], deposition kinetics [35], electrochemical properties [35] and spectroscopic properties [29,36,37].…”

P(o-chlorophenol–co-o-hydroxyphenol): kinetic formation studies and pH-sensor application

“…of the formation process does not shift with increasing number of cycles, indicating that the oxidation reactions were independent of the copolymer thickness [31,36,37].…”

“…On reversing the potential scan, the anodic current is very small indicating the presence of a copolymer film well adhered to the Pt surface [30,31]. The absence of any cathodic peaks indicates totally irreversible system as a result of the strong adhesion of the copolymer film to Pt surface.…”

“…The value of the anodic current density ip(II) is proportional to the electropolymerization rate (Rp) at given concentrations of the monomer, acid, and electrolyte, and then we can replace the electropolymerization rate by the anodic current density [31,[44][45][46]:…”