Electropolymerization of pyrrole in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate room temperature ionic liquid

Sekiguchi, K.; Atobe, Mahito

doi:10.1016/s1388-2481(02)00481-2

Cited by 164 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Also, it has been shown that conducting polymers cycled in ionic liquids, such as bmimPF 6 , exhibit increased stability during redox cycling. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] For example, Mazurkiewicz et al 9 have shown that polypyrrole is considerably more stable when cycled in bmimPF 6 than in an aqueous tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate electrolyte. A similar effect was observed in these experiments; the peak potentials and peak currents remained relatively constant with cycling.…”

Section: Journal Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 It has been documented previously that polypyrrole layers grown at platinum from ionic liquids appear smoother than those grown from conventional aqueous systems. 13,25 For example, Sekiguchi et al 13 studied the morphology of polypyrrole grown from CH 3 CN and EMICF 3 SO 3 and found that the more conductive ionic liquid gave rise to smoother films, while Pringle et al 25 report that the more viscous ionic liquids produce the smoothest polypyrrole layers.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Formation of Polypyrrole at Iron from 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate

Fenelon

Breslin

2005

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, was used to deposit adherent and highly conducting polypyrrole coatings at pure iron using a simple potentiostatic technique. Adherent and highly conducting polypyrrole films were formed at the iron substrate using potentials in the range from 1.0 to 1.4 V and with pyrrole concentrations between 0.1 and 0.3 mol dmϪ3 . An increase in the applied potential, or the concentration of the monomer, gave rise to an increase in the rate of polymer growth. The polypyrrole-coated iron electrodes were electroactive and remained highly conducting and stable in the ionic liquid. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the charge-transfer resistance of the uncoated iron electrode was determined as 1.25 ϫ 10 4 ⍀ cm 2 compared to the much lower resistance of 1.90 ϫ 10 2 ⍀ cm 2 measured for the highly conducting polypyrrolecoated electrode in the ionic liquid. The room temperature ionic liquid systems based on the N,NЈ-dialkyl-substituted imidazolium cations have attracted increasing attention and interest in recent years.1-4 This is not surprising in light of their promising physical and chemical properties, which include high ionic conductivity, negligible volatility, nonflammability, excellent thermal and chemical stability, air and moisture stability, and, in terms of electrochemistry, a wide potential window.Research into the formation, or properties, of conducting polymers in ionic liquids dates back to the mid 1980s, with the work of Osteryoung and co-workers.5-7 However, the chloroaluminate ionic liquids used in these investigations were moisture sensitive. In more recent times, it has been shown that conducting polymers can be electrosynthesized in the ambient temperature imidazolium-based ionic liquids with anions such as hexafluorophosphate or tetrafluoroborate. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] But of more significance is the fact that the conducting polymers cycled in, or electropolymerized from, these imidazolium-based ionic liquids exhibit greatly enhanced electrochemical stability, negligible polymer degradation and fast switching speeds. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] For example, Lu et al. 10 found that polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene showed negligible loss in electroactivity when cycled in room-temperature ionic liquids composed of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium cations with either tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate anions. Sekiguchi et al.13,14 used 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate as an electrolyte for the electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole. The electrochemical capacity and conductivity of the polypyrrole were significantly increased when prepared from the ionic liquid. Other polymer systems that have been studied in these imidazolium-based ionic liquids include poly͑3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene͒ 15,16 and poly͑2-methoxy-5-͑2Ј-ethylhexyloxy͒-1,4-phenylene vinylene ͑MEH-PPV͒. 17These studies have all been conducted with inert electrodes. Although conducting polymers have been deposited at corrosion susceptib...

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Section: Journal Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation of Polypyrrole at Iron from 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate

Fenelon

Breslin

2005

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…An improvement in the quality of polypyrrole film was achieved [20] on using the water and air stable ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (EMIM CF 3 SO 3 ). Imidazolium ionic liquids, having stable counter anions such as BF 4¯, PF 6¯ and CF 3 SO 3¯, were considered as good candidates for the polymerization process as they do not require special conditions, such as use of an inert atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The room temperature ionic liquid EMIM CF 3 SO 3 , when used as a medium for the electropolymerization process, resulted in faster polymerization rates and improvements in the electrochemical capacitance and electro-conductivity. This can be explained by the fact that charge neutrality during film formation was maintained by anion and cation exchange with the ionic liquid [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition and Characterisation of Copolymers Based on Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in BMIM BF4 Using a Microcell Configuration

Astratine

Magner

Cassidy³

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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a b s t r a c tElectrochemical copolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) was performed in an ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, (BMIM BF4) employing a 'micro-cell' in order to use the materials efficiently. Characterization of the copolymers formed on an ITO substrate was performed for different Py: EDOT ratios (1:2, 1:1, 2:1) in both aqueous and ionic liquid electrolytes. The three copolymers displayed different absorbance spectra with max of the polaron species at 507, 540 and 580 nm for PPy-co-PEDOT ratios of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, respectively. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical analysis revealed that the properties of the copolymer depend upon the Py/EDOT monomer ratio used. The copolymer PPy-co-PEDOT (2:1) displayed good stability, a switching time of 20 s and a colouration efficiency of 101.3 C-1cm2. The presence of Py in the copolymer stabilised the polaron state of the copolymer and allowed greater ion mobility compared to the PEDOT alone.

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“…[198][199][200] Mattes' group used 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate ( [BMIM] . [BF 4 ] and [BMIM] .…”

Section: Organic Synthesis In Ionic Liquidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical routes for industrial synthesis

Sequeira¹,

Santos²

2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

118

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Esta revisão examina as razões que justificam um interesse crescente da indústria química pelos processos eletrolíticos. Reveem-se as indústrias químicas, nas quais compostos orgânicos e inorgânicos são processados e descrevem-se os avanços tecnológicos mais relevantes. Inicialmente, abordam-se processos bem estabelecidos, como as indústrias cloroalcalinas de produção de alumínio, p-aminofenol, adiponitrila, etileno glicol, antraquinona, produtos perfluorados, ácido glioxílico e L-cisteína. Face à grande quantidade de informação disponível, o assunto é tratado com base científica, mas de modo bastante simplificado. Posteriormente, descrevem-se processos orgânicos e inorgânicos emergentes, nomeadamente processos eletroquímicos mediados e síntese em líquidos iónicos. Estabelecem-se paralelos entre síntese química e síntese eletroquímica. Estimula-se o interesse nos processos de eletrossíntese, particularmente em líquidos iónicos, não desmerecendo a importância das vias puramente químicas de síntese orgânica e inorgânica.This review examines the reasons for increasing interest towards electrolyses by the chemical industry, reviews the electrochemical industries as most of them now exist, and provides a status report on the key technological advances which are occurring to meet present and future needs. Classical industries like those of chloroalkali, aluminium, p-aminophenol, adiponitrile, ethylene glycol, anthraquinone, perfluorinated products, glyoxylic acid and L-cysteine are initially covered. Considering the large amount of available publications in these topics of electrochemical engineering, the covered relevant information is treated at a scientific level, although in a simplified way. Then the paper deals with emerging inorganic and organic processes, e.g. electrosynthesis in ionic liquids and mediated electrochemical processes, and finishes by assessing what the future development trend might be given the electrochemical and non electrochemical competing influences. With this approach it is hoped to stimulate the interest of chemical engineers and scientists non-specialised in electrochemical routes, and to review some cutting edge research, particularly as far as electrosynthesis in ionic liquids is concerned.

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Electropolymerization of pyrrole in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate room temperature ionic liquid

Cited by 164 publications

References 27 publications

The Formation of Polypyrrole at Iron from 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate

The Formation of Polypyrrole at Iron from 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate

Electrodeposition and Characterisation of Copolymers Based on Pyrrole and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in BMIM BF4 Using a Microcell Configuration

Electrochemical routes for industrial synthesis

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