Electropolymerized Films of π‐Conjugated Polymers. A Tool for Surface Functionalization: A Brief Historical Evolution and Recent Trends

Bidan, Gérard

doi:10.1002/9783527630592.ch1

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 244 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…Since the dawn of the intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) in the late 1970s [1,2], electrochemistry has been a powerful tool, not only for synthesis of polymer films but also for in situ characterization of (semi)conducting materials [3,4]. Electrochemical generation of ICPs is based mainly on the oxidative condensation of different aromatic heterocycles and derivatives through the formation of radical cations [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin Functional Polymer Films by Electropolymerization

et al. 2019

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Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) have been widely utilized in organic electronics, actuators, electrochromic devices, and sensors. Many potential applications demand the formation of thin polymer films, which can be generated by electrochemical polymerization. Electrochemical methods are quite powerful and versatile and can be utilized for investigation of ICPs, both for educational purposes and materials chemistry research. In this study, we show that potentiodynamic and potentiostatic techniques can be utilized for generating and characterizing thin polymer films under the context of educational chemistry research and state-of-the-art polymer research. First, two well-known bifunctional monomers (with only two linking sites)—aniline and bithiophene—and their respective ICPs—polyaniline (PANI) and polybithiophene (PBTh)—were electrochemically generated and characterized. Tests with simple electrochromic devices based on PANI and PBTh were carried out at different doping levels, where changes in the UV-VIS absorption spectra and color were ascribed to changes in the polymer structures. These experiments may attract students’ interest in the electrochemical polymerization of ICPs as doping/dedoping processes can be easily understood from observable color changes to the naked eye, as shown for the two polymers. Second, two new carbazole-based multifunctional monomers (with three or more linking sites)—tris(4-(carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)silanol (TPTCzSiOH) and tris(3,5-di(carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)silanol (TPHxCzSiOH)—were synthesized to produce thin films of cross-linked polymer networks by electropolymerization. These thin polymer films were characterized by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) experiments and nitrogen sorption, and the results showed a microporous nature with high specific surface areas up to 930 m2g−1. PTPHxCzSiOH-modified glassy carbon electrodes showed an enhanced electrochemical response to nitrobenzene as prototypical nitroaromatic compound compared to unmodified glassy carbon electrodes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin Functional Polymer Films by Electropolymerization

et al. 2019

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“…Polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyphenylene, and polythiophene (PT) are particularly useful in that respect. Several books [22,23] and review articles [14,[24][25][26] describe applications of ECPs; a SciFinder ® search for the 'Thiophene' keyword results in ~65,950 responses, higher than that for 'Pyrrole' (~63,200). This search shows that PTs are one of the most extensively studied and important classes of ECPs, and that the long list of advantages makes PTs the most suitable candidates for various applications [27], including the following benefits: − Electric conductivity exceeding 100 S/cm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized polythiophenes: Recognition materials for chemosensors and biosensors of superior sensitivity, selectivity, and detectability

Huynh

Sharma

Sosnowska

et al. 2015

Progress in Polymer Science

125

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“…Electropolymerization starts with oxidation of monomer, then generation of a radical cation and followed by bonding of radical monomers of the polymer chain. 31 Cyclodextrins belong to cyclic oligosaccharides family involving macrocyclic ring of glucose with glycosidic bonds. Typically, they are composed of 6 to 8 glucopyranoside units (α, β and γ cyclodextrins), having toroidal shapes with hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic exterior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electropolymerization may be glavanostat 29 or potentiostatic, 30 in the glavanostat type, applying a constant current allows monitoring the thickness of the resulting layer, while in the potentiostatic mode a constant potential often using CV (cyclic voltammetry) technique. Electropolymerization starts with oxidation of monomer, then generation of a radical cation and followed by bonding of radical monomers of the polymer chain 31 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative electrically conductive biopolymer based on poly(β‐cyclodextrin) towards recognition of ascorbic acid in real sample: Utilization of biocompatible advanced materials in biomedical analysis

Behyar

Kordasht

Hassanpour

et al. 2022

J of Molecular Recognition

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In this study, a sensitive platform was designed for the electrocatalytical oxidation and recognition of ascorbic acid (AA) based on poly(β-cyclodextrin) modified glassy carbon electrode (p(β-CD-GCE). Electropolymerization of β-CD on the surface of GCE was performed on the potential range of À1 to 1.5 V. So, a novel biopolymer was prepared on the surface of GCE towards sensitive recognition of AA in human plasma samples. The developed platform has good sensitivity and accuracy for electrooxidation and detection of AA with lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1 nM and linear range of 1 nM to 100 mM. Moreover, the designed electrochemical sensor was employed for the analysis of AA on human plasma samples with high sensitivity. Based on advantages of p(β-CD) prepared by electropolymerization procedure (green, fast, homogeny, and efficient eletrocatalytical behaviour), this conductive biopolymer showed excellent analytical behaviour towards electrooxidation of AA. It is expected that the prepared polymeric interface is able to use in the analysis of biological species in clinical samples.

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Electropolymerized Films of π‐Conjugated Polymers. A Tool for Surface Functionalization: A Brief Historical Evolution and Recent Trends

Cited by 9 publications

References 244 publications

Thin Functional Polymer Films by Electropolymerization

Thin Functional Polymer Films by Electropolymerization

Functionalized polythiophenes: Recognition materials for chemosensors and biosensors of superior sensitivity, selectivity, and detectability

An innovative electrically conductive biopolymer based on poly(β‐cyclodextrin) towards recognition of ascorbic acid in real sample: Utilization of biocompatible advanced materials in biomedical analysis

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