Electroreduction of cupric(II) ions at the ultramicroelectrodes from concentrated electrolytes – Comparison of industrial and laboratory prepared aqueous solutions of copper(II) ions in sulfuric acid electrolytes

Shape and size controlled fabrication of copper nanopowders from industrial electrolytes by pulse electrodeposition

“…The choice of proper metal is important to obtain reproducible experimental results. In our previous studies we have shown that reproducible electrochemical results in concentrated and industrial electrolytes are obtained when gold UME are used in the conditions of the diffusion control of the copper electrocrystallization [1][2][3]. In the present paper we show how the size, the type of metal base and pulse electrolysis conditions may be used to control the size and shape of deposited copper particles and nanoparticles.…”

“…In order to remove active animal glue and thiourea, the industrial copper sulphate electrolyte was heated under reflux condenser for 4 h [1][2][3]. This treatment has been employed to simulate the real life situation concerning copper electrorefining spent electrolytes.…”

“…In our previous papers [1][2][3][4] we investigated the diffusion coefficients, kinetics and mechanism of copper electrodeposition in concentrated industrial and laboratory prepared electrolytes. There are not many experimental electrochemical studies concerning concentrated electrolytes and even less where complex matrix industrial electrolytes are used.…”

“…In our process we obtain even purer copper nanoparticles disregarding variations in the electrolyte content. The explanation is given in our previously published (and cited) publications [1][2][3][4].…”

Impedance studies of copper electro-reduction on a disc-shaped ultramicroelectrode in industrial electrolytes

“…In our previous studies, a mechanism of copper electrocrystallization was studied using chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry on the ultramicroelectrodes in concentrated industrial and laboratory prepared electrolytes [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. One of the key parameters of the industrial copper electrorefining process has been the concentration of the active animal glue in the electrolyte.…”