Electrospun chitosan nanofiber constructing superhigh-water-flux forward osmosis membrane

Electrochemical Regeneration of Highly Stable and Sustainable Cellulose/Graphene Adsorbent Saturated with Dissolved Organic Dye

“…3D structuring of adsorbents can circumvent some of these issues by utilizing building blocks that result in porous materials with high structural integrity. In addition, 3D porous materials can increase adsorption efficiency due to their high surface area, unhindered diffusion, and ease of functionalization. − Among the different approaches for fabricating porous 3D materials, soft material templating methods have been recognized as advantageous due to their tunability, low cost, and uncomplicated synthesis procedure. − In this regard, recent years have witnessed significant interest in the freeze-drying method for various porous materials with tailored porosity and microscopic morphology. − The precursor hydrogel’s properties, such as polymer and particle loadings, polymer molecular weight, particle size distribution and surface charge, ionic strength, pH, and processing conditions (energy input during mixing of precursor, freezing conditions) collectively influence the derived aerogel’s morphology and mechanical properties. − Several graphene-based aerogels have been employed for the adsorption of different contaminants, such as CNTs/cellulose/graphene aerogel, cellulose/poly­(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide, graphene/cellulose aerogels, − and carboxymethyl cellulose/graphene oxide. − These studies utilized either thermal or chemical treatment for the regeneration process. Only a few studies have reported the use of 3D structured aerogels for adsorption and electrochemical regeneration of contaminants, including carbon/silica aerogel, carbon nanosphere/graphene composite, and carbon aerogels. , The carbon/silica adsorption capacity increased over subsequent cycles due to an increase in the porosity and roughness of the walls caused by electrochemical regeneration.…”

Second-Generation Magnesium Phosphates as Water Extractant Agents in Forward Osmosis and Subsequent Use in Hydroponics

“…TFC membranes are made up mainly of two parts, the active layer (formed by a polyamide layer) and a porous layer, usually made of polysulfone to avoid mechanical stress. Recent works have explored the potential of other materials to produce FO membranes, such as chitosan [ 22 ], which is extracted from crustaceans’ shells, or with bamboo pulp [ 23 ], reaching superhigh water fluxes (>100 L/(m 2 ·h)) with both membranes. One of the main causes of loss of osmotic potential in FO is the concentration polarization, which occurs mainly in the support layer due to the accumulation of salts in the porous structure or at the membrane surface [ 24 ].…”

Effect of Methacrylic Acid Monomer on UV-Grafted Polyethersulfone Forward Osmosis Membrane

“…However, FO membrane fouling still is considered to be one of the important issues affecting the performance of FO technology when treating wastewater. There are several works that have focused on the development of membranes with improved performance for FO applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. These membranes were prepared by phase inversion [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], interfacial polymerization [ 2 , 4 , 5 ], the layer-by-layer method [ 6 , 7 , 8 ] and membrane grafting [ 9 , 10 ].…”