Electrostatic charge characteristics of aerosols produced from metered dose inhalers

Kwok, Philip Chi Lip; Glover, William; Chan, Hak‐Kim

doi:10.1002/jps.20395

Cited by 70 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A modified 13 stage electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI™, Dekati Ltd, Finland), without the corona charger, was used to measure the aerosol electrostatic charge distribution, as described previously (29,37). The pMDI was shaken for 10 s and primed to waste twice using a commercial actuator before being fitted to the actuator block with the custom built adaptor.…”

Section: Measurements Of Aerosols Electrostatic Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients on Aerosol Electrostatic Charges from Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers

et al. 2015

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Section: Measurements Of Aerosols Electrostatic Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients on Aerosol Electrostatic Charges from Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers

et al. 2015

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“…This was observed in the product-dependent charge profiles of commercial MDI aerosols. [32] Both the drug particles and propellant/excipient droplets carried electrostatic charges. [32,33] The charge profile of a HFA-134a formulation was altered by a sequential addition of absolute ethanol and dissolved beclomethasone dipropionate to the propellant.…”

Section: Metered Dose Inhalersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[32] Both the drug particles and propellant/excipient droplets carried electrostatic charges. [32,33] The charge profile of a HFA-134a formulation was altered by a sequential addition of absolute ethanol and dissolved beclomethasone dipropionate to the propellant. [34] Similarly, the low positive charges of HFA-134a droplets became highly negative after the addition of salbutamol sulfate particles to the MDI.…”

Section: Metered Dose Inhalersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrostatics of pharmaceutical inhalation aerosols

Kwok¹,

Chan²

2009

j pharm pharmacol

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Objectives This review focuses on the key findings and developments in the rapidly expanding research area of pharmaceutical aerosol electrostatics. Key findings Data from limited in-vivo and computational studies suggest that charges may potentially affect particle deposition in the airways. Charging occurs naturally in the absence of electric fields through triboelectrification, that is contact or friction for solids and flowing or spraying for liquids. Thus, particles and droplets emitted from pulmonary drug delivery devices (dry powder inhalers, metered dose inhalers with or without spacers, and nebulisers) are inherently charged. Apparatus with various operation principles have been employed in the measurement of pharmaceutical charges. Aerosol charges are dependent on many physicochemical parameters, such as formulation composition, device construction, relative humidity and solid-state properties. In some devices, electrification has been purposefully applied to facilitate powder dispersion and liquid atomisation. Summary Currently, there are no regulatory requirements on characterising electrostatic properties of inhalation aerosols. As research in this area progresses, the new knowledge gained may become valuable for the development and regulation of inhalation aerosol products.

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“…Similarly, aerosols produced by commercial metered dose inhalers can produce elementary charges per drug particle that range from zero to several ten thousands (Kwok et al 2005). Experimental studies based on human airway casts and in-vivo experiments have shown that particle charge significantly affects deposition in the tracheobronchial (TB) and alveolar (Al) regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Charged Particles Deposition in Stochastic Lung Model and Calculation of Enhanced Deposition

Hussain

Madl

Hofmann

et al. 2012

Aerosol Science and Technology

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The experimental studies using hollow lung cast of human tracheobronchial (TB) tree and in-vivo experiments have demonstrated enhanced charged deposition in the lung. The present study was carried out to implement charge particle deposition into the stochastic human lung model and to estimate enhanced deposition for various charged particles at the airway generation level. Enhanced deposition calculations of charged particles are performed by implementing two different efficiency equations derived for the TB and alveolar (Al) region. Deposition fractions of inhaled charged particles are computed by the stochastic airway generation model IDEAL (Inhalation, Deposition and Exhalation of Aerosols in the Lung) for various breathing conditions and particle sizes. Enhanced deposition of charged particles in the Al region is found to be up to five times higher than in the TB region. Enhanced deposition in the TB region is higher under sitting breathing condition than under light exercise breathing condition. The introduction of pause time, during inhalation, increases the probability of increased enhanced deposition up to a certain breath-hold time limit. The calculated enhancement factors (EF) reveals that more than two times higher deposition can be achieved in the lung by the introduction of charged particles during inhalation. By introducing the charged particles during inhalation and by optimizing the flow rate, tidal volume, and particle size, the targeted deposition in the lung is improved for the best therapeutic aerosols utilization. In addition, the unnecessarily high deposition of toxic particles in the sensitive lung regions can be avoided.

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Electrostatic charge characteristics of aerosols produced from metered dose inhalers

Cited by 70 publications

References 20 publications

The Effect of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients on Aerosol Electrostatic Charges from Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers

The Effect of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients on Aerosol Electrostatic Charges from Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers

Electrostatics of pharmaceutical inhalation aerosols

Implementation of Charged Particles Deposition in Stochastic Lung Model and Calculation of Enhanced Deposition

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