Electrostatic Charge on Spray Droplets of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions

Polat, Mehmet; Polat, Hürriyet; Chander, Subhash

doi:10.1016/s0021-8502(99)00542-x

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…10,14 Researchers have found that when various surfactants are added to water, the charge of droplets increases significantly, and it is observed to be a function of surfactant type and concentration. 15 The effect of conductivity on spray electrification has also been investigated. Byrne made conducting liquids by adding NaCl to distilled water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, these results do not conflict with the results from mine atmospheres where the droplets' charge was found to be a function of surfactant type and concentration. 15 It is obvious that by increasing the droplets' specific charge, the dust removal efficiency in a wet scrubber could be enhanced if the particles are neutral or charged to opposite polarity. However, for the tested scrubbing liquids, the conductivity was high and, consequently, the measured specific charge was low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spray Charging of Droplets in a Wet Scrubber

Vaaraslahti

Laitinen

Keskinen

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The experimental setup was designed to study the effect of natural charging of droplets during spraying (called spray electrification or spray charging) in a wet scrubber. The influence of nozzle material, liquid feed rate, and liquid composition on the specific charge (charge per unit volume of liquid) formed in spraying was measured. It was found that the nozzle material has no measurable effect on this specific charge. Increasing the liquid feed rate increases the specific charge significantly. Increasing solute (NaCl or NaOH) concentration increases the conductivity that decreases the formed specific charge. The same correlation between the specific charge and conductivity was also observed with real scrubbing liquids. It is proposed that the specific charge depends only on the value of liquid conductivity, not on liquid composition. The conductivity of the tested scrubbing liquids was high enough to suppress the formation of a high specific charge during spraying.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray Charging of Droplets in a Wet Scrubber

Vaaraslahti

Laitinen

Keskinen

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Some fluid-drop and dust electric charge-measurement systems have been constructed with the electric field oriented in the horizontal direction [4,5,6]. This facilitates measurements of large numbers of droplets, or dust particles, simultaneously since the droplets are not constrained to have to enter through a small area opening in the plate, as would be the case for a vertical electric field orientation.…”

Section: Electric Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated electric charge measurements of fluid microdrops using the Millikan method

Lee¹,

Halyo²,

Lee³

et al. 2004

Metrologia

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Automated measurements of the electric charge of fluid microdrops precise to up to 0.016 of an electron charge have been made using machine-vision systems to observe the motion of fluid microdrops in air under the influence of an oscillating electric field. The fluid drop diameters have ranged from 7 to 25 µm with smaller diameter drops being measured to higher precision. The experimental runs performed for the purpose of attempting to find isolated fractionally electrically charged particles have measured the charges of tens of millions of fluid microdrops using piezoelectrically driven drop-on-demand inkjet-like droplet ejectors as fluid drop sources.

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“…Polat et al 15 used surfactants in spray water and reported that the surfactants can develop the electrostatic charge on spray droplets. Although they did not discuss the gas absorption phenomenon with charged droplets, their findings are encouraging that the use of surfactant in scrubbing liquid could be a better way to enhance the gas absorption by considering its charging characteristics on a droplet surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Enhancements of Packed-Bed Performance for Low-Concentration Acidic and Basic-Waste Gases from Semiconductor Manufacturing Process

Chein

Aggarwal

et al. 2005

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Low-concentration acidic and basic-waste gas pollutants contribute significantly in the total emission of a facility. Previous results show that the control of high volumetric flow rate (ϳ500 m 3 /min), low-concentration acidic (Ͻ1 ppm by vol) and basic (Ͻ3 ppm by vol) gases from semiconductor process vent, by conventional wet scrubbing technique is a challenging task. This work was targeted to enhance the performance of packed beds for high-volumetric flow rate, low-concentration acidic (HF, HCl), and basic (NH 3 )-waste gases from the semiconductor manufacturing process. The methodology used to meet the goal was the application of fine-water mist over the inlet stream before entering to the packed bed and use of the surfactant with mist/packed-bed liquid in low concentration. An experimental study was carried out in two acidpacked beds to optimize the operating conditions, such as pH of the liquid, circulating liquid flow rate, blow-down cycle, and so forth. The relationship among liquid pH, liquid ionic concentration, and the removal efficiency of the packed bed for the pollutants has been discussed considering chemical equilibrium, two-film theory, and Henry's law. For the potential utilization of scrubbing water, the dependency of the efficiency on blow-down cycle was studied, and a mechanism is suggested. The proposed water-mist surfactant system was installed in two acid-packed beds, and performance of the packed beds was compared. The background efficiencies of the acid-packed beds for HF, HCl, and NH 3 were found max to be (n ϭ 11) 53, 40, and 27%, whereas after installation of the system, they increased significantly and became 76 Ϯ 13% (n ϭ 10), 76 Ϯ 8% (n ϭ 7), and 78 Ϯ 7% (n ϭ 7), respectively, for inlet concentrations of HF and HCl Ͻ1 ppm and NH 3 Ͻ14 ppm. The mechanism by which the surfactants operate to enhance the removal in scrubbing process is suggested considering the hydrodynamic effect and the interfacial effect with the charge-generating characteristic of surfactants on water surface, when dissolved into water. The results show that a proposed rectification system can effectively reduce the emission rates below the regulatory level (0.6kg/hr) at the present conditions of the facility.

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Electrostatic Charge on Spray Droplets of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Spray Charging of Droplets in a Wet Scrubber

Spray Charging of Droplets in a Wet Scrubber

Automated electric charge measurements of fluid microdrops using the Millikan method

Field Enhancements of Packed-Bed Performance for Low-Concentration Acidic and Basic-Waste Gases from Semiconductor Manufacturing Process

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