We discuss direct and indirect probes of chirality-flipping couplings of the top quark to Higgs and gauge bosons, considering both CP-conserving and CP-violating observables, in the framework of the Standard Model effective field theory. In our analysis we include current and prospective constraints from collider physics, precision electroweak tests, flavor physics, and electric dipole moments (EDMs). We find that low-energy indirect probes are very competitive, even after accounting for long-distance uncertainties. In particular, EDMs put constraints on the electroweak CP-violating dipole moments of the top that are two to three orders of magnitude stronger than existing limits. The new indirect constraint on the top EDM is given by |dt| < 5 · 10−20 e cm at 90% C.L.
Introduction:The top quark might offer a first gateway to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), due to its large coupling to the Higgs and hence to the electroweak symmetry breaking sector. In several scenarios, ranging from partial compositeness [1] to supersymmetric models with light stops [2], enhanced deviations from the SM are expected in the top sector which can be relevant for electroweak baryogenesis [2,3]. Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) offer a great opportunity to directly probe non-standard top quark couplings. On the other hand, these same couplings also affect via quantum corrections processes that do not involve a top quark. Such "indirect probes" give very valuable complementary information and in several cases constrain non-standard top couplings more strongly than direct searches.In this letter we discuss direct and indirect probes of chirality-flipping top-Higgs couplings, including both CP-conserving (CPC) and CP-violating (CPV) interactions, the latter being of great interest in light of Sakharov's conditions for baryogenesis [4]. Despite the vast literature on top-gluon [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] [37][38][39][40][41][42], the impact of electric dipole moments (EDMs) has received comparatively little attention [17,29,37,43,44]. The central new element of our work is the systematic inclusion of EDM constraints. Even after properly taking into account the hadronic and nuclear uncertainties [44], EDMs dominate the bounds on all the CPV top couplings. Our major finding is that bounds on the top EDM (weak EDM) are improved by three (two) orders of magnitude over the previous literature. As part of our analysis, we also update indirect constraints from Higgs production and decay.We work in the linear SM Effective Field Theory (SM-EFT) framework [45][46][47][48][49]. We assume that a gap exists between the scale of new physics Λ and the electroweak scale v = 246 GeV and keep only the leading terms in (v/Λ) 2 , corresponding to dimension-six operators. We assume that at the high-scale Λ the largest non-standard effects appear in the top sector, and hence set to zero all