Elemental analysis of Moringa oleifera seeds by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and its anti-cancer and anti-microbial studies

Abstract

16 17 18 1 Abbreviations: MOSs, Moringa oleifera seed; LIBS, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; GC-MS ,Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Abstract 20 Moringa oleifera plant contains a numerous antioxidants, antibiotics and nutrients (vitamins and minerals) 21 which makes it prospective for diverse biomedical applications. This report investigated the anti-22 cancerous and anti-microbial potential of the Moringa oleifera seeds (MOSs) due to the bioactive 23 components a detail elemental analysis. MOSs in the form of pellets were used in elemental analysis. 24 Alcoholic extraction of were utilized in anti-cancerous and anti-microbial activity.To clarify the anti-25 cancerous and anti-microbial potential of the (MOSs) because of the bioactive components. An elemental 26 analysis was conducted using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) . The GC-MS used for the 27 validation of the LIBS outcome. Additionally, the anti-cancerous and anti-microbial activity of the MOSs 28 was evaluated. Herein, the human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) were treated with the seeds 29 aqueous extracts for 48 h and the cell viability plus the DNA nuclear morphology were measured via the 30 MTT assay and DAPI staining. The cell viability of the normal human embryonic stem cells (HEK-293) 31 was also examined after the treatment. Percentage of cell viability and inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 32 both normal and treated cells were determined.The recorded LIBS signal of the MOSs revealed the 33 existence of elements like Ca, K, Mg, P, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Na and Se (vital for human health). The results of 34 the MTT assay revealed a profound inhibitory action of the MOSs extracts against the HCT-116 cells 35 growth. On top, such extracts did not affect the HEK-293 cells growth, indicating the specificity of the 36 proposed extracts towards cancer cells escalation hindrance. The anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic 37 MOSs extracts was tested on the S. aureus and E. coli bacteria using the Agar well diffusion assay. The 38 observed anti-cancerous and the anti-microbial activities of the MOSs extracts can be attributed to the 39 charisma of various bioactive compounds including the oleic acid, palmitic acid, hexadecenoic acid ethyl 40 ester and D-allose. 3 41 Conclusion: Current observations may contribute towards the development of the MOSs-based 42 biomedicine (organic without any side effects, cheap, plentiful, pure and sustainable) effective for the 43 cancer and bacterial infection cure. 44 45 46 47 Generally, the moringa tree with the scientific name of Moringa oleifera Lam. (MOL) is the part of 48 Moringaceae family [1] . Being originated from the Northern India and Pakistan region alongside the 49 Himalaya Mountains, moringa tree also grows in different parts of African, Asian, and South American 50 tropics [2-4] . In Pakistan, India, Thailand and Philippines the moringa leaves and fruits are usually 51 consumed as the vegetables [5]. In recent times, several countries (Mexico, Hawaii, Cambodia, and the 52Ca...