Elemental and isotopic geochemistry of nonhydrated quartz latite glasses from the Eureka Valley Tuff, east-central California

Noble, Donald C.; Korringa, Marjorie K.; Church, Stanley E.; Bowman, H.; Silberman, Miles L.; Heropoulos, Chris

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<754:eaigon>2.0.co;2

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This unit, which we refer to as the Lava Flow Member of the Eureka Valley Tuff, includes both normal-and reversed-polarity lava flows ), and ranges from trachyandesite to trachydacite in composition (Koerner et al 2009). The Dardanelles Formation, which also consists of high-K lavas flows (trachyandesites or shoshonites), has long been inferred to lie above the Eureka Valley Tuff (Slemmons 1966;Noble et al 1974Noble et al , 1976, although no maps or measured sections were previously published to demonstrate that it lies above all three members of the Eureka Valley Tuff; previous workers have therefore confused it with the Lava Flow Member of the Eureka Valley Tuff or the Table Mountain Latite at some localities (Koerner et al 2009). New mapping west of Sonora Pass demonstrates that trachyandesite lava flows do in fact overlie the upper member of the Eureka Valley Tuff (Koerner et al 2009).…”

Section: Eruption Of 16 Ma Flood Basalts Through Incipient Sierran Frmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Sequence 3 includes high-K lava flows and ignimbrites in the Sonora Pass to Ebbetts Pass region, and andesitic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks in the Ebbetts Pass to Carson Pass region (Busby et al 2008a,b;Hagan et al 2009; and our unpublished mapping). Numerous workers have inferred that the high-K rocks erupted from the Little Walker Caldera, also referred to as the Little Walker Center (Slemmons 1966;Noble et al 1974Noble et al , 1976Priest 1979;King et al 2007;Putirka and Busby 2007;Busby et al 2008b;Koerner et al 2009;Pluhar et al 2009). …”

Section: Eruption Of 16 Ma Flood Basalts Through Incipient Sierran Frmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Miocene evolution of the western edge of the Nevadaplano in the central and northern Sierra Nevada: palaeocanyons, magmatism, and structure

Busby

Putirka

2009

International Geology Review

110

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The Sierra Nevada of California is the longest and tallest mountain range in the co-terminus USA, and has long been regarded as topographically very young (, 6 Ma); however, recent work has provided evidence that the range is very old (.80 Ma), and represents the western shoulder of a Tibetan-like plateau (the Nevadaplano) that was centred over Nevada. A great deal of effort has been invested in applying modern laboratory and geophysical techniques to understanding the Sierra Nevada, yet some of the most unambiguous constraints on the Sierran landscape evolution are derived from field studies of dated strata preserved in the palaeochannels/palaeocanyons that crossed the range in Cenozoic time. Our work in the Sierra Nevada suggests that neither endmember model is correct for the debate regarding youth vs. antiquity of the range. Many features of the Cenozoic palaeocanyons and palaeochannels reflect the shape of the Cretaceous orogen, but they were also affected by Miocene tectonic and magmatic events. In the central Sierra Nevada, we infer that the inherited Cretaceous landscape was modified by three Miocene tectonic events, each followed by ,2 -5 Myr of subductioninduced magmatism and sedimentation during a period of relative tectonic quiescence. The first event, at about 16 Ma, corresponds to the westward sweep of the Ancestral Cascades arc front into the Sierra Nevada and adjacent western Nevada. We suggest that this caused thermal uplift and extension. The second event, at about 11 -10 Ma, records the birth of the 'future plate boundary' by transtensional faulting and voluminous high-K volcanism at the western edge of the Walker Lane belt. The third event, at about 8 -7 Ma, is associated with renewed range-front faulting in the central Sierra, and rejuvenation and beheading of the palaeocanyons. Volcanic pulses closely followed all three events, and we tentatively infer that footwall uplift of the Sierra Nevada occurred during all three events. By analogy with the , 11 Ma event, we speculate that high-K volcanic rocks in the southern part of the range mark the inception of yet a fourth pulse of range-front faulting at 3 -3.5 Ma, which resulted in a fourth tilting and crestal uplift event. Cenozoic rocks along the western edge of the Nevadaplano record the following variation, from the central to the northern Sierra: decrease in crustal thickness (and presumably palaeoelevation), decrease in palaeorelief and attendant decrease in coarse-grained fluvial-and mass-wasting deposits, and greater degree of encroachment by Walker Lanerelated faults beginning at 10 -11 Ma. By mapping and dating Cenozoic strata in detail, we show that what is now the Sierra Nevada was, at least in part, shaped by the Miocene structural and magmatic events.

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Section: Eruption Of 16 Ma Flood Basalts Through Incipient Sierran Frmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Eruption Of 16 Ma Flood Basalts Through Incipient Sierran Frmentioning

confidence: 97%

Miocene evolution of the western edge of the Nevadaplano in the central and northern Sierra Nevada: palaeocanyons, magmatism, and structure

Busby

Putirka

2009

International Geology Review

110

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“…However, recent work in presumed vent-proximal areas of the Sierra Nevada range front and the Sweetwater Mountains shows that latite lava flows are present within the EVT, between the Tollhouse Flat and By-Day members (Hagan et al 2008). This called into question whether the Dardanelles Formation actually exists as a formation that overlies all three members of the EVT (as defined by Noble et al 1976), or whether it should be redefined as a member of the EVT (Hagan et al 2008). As discussed by Koerner et al (2009), we have recently mapped and measured a section, where a latite lava flow not only lies between the Tollhouse and By-Day members but also another flow overlies the Upper Member.…”

Section: Stratigraphy Of Tertiary Volcanic Rocks In the Sonora Pass Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in-depth look at distal Sierra Nevada palaeochannel fill: drill cores through the Table Mountain Latite near Knights Ferry

Gorny

Busby

Pluhar

et al. 2009

International Geology Review

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The ,10.4 Ma Table Mountain Latite (TML) consists of high-K trachyandesite lavas that likely erupted from the Little Walker Center near Sonora Pass and flowed 80 miles (130 km) through the palaeo-Stanislaus river channel to Knights Ferry in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Complete sections through the proximal facies of the flow stratigraphy are common in the high-Sierra and along range-front faults, but in much of its distal facies in the Sierra Nevada foothills, the internal features of the unit are poorly exposed. Condor Earth Technologies offered us the opportunity to study three complete vertical sections through the distal facies of the TML through access to three drill cores. These cores, spaced 1500 0 (457 m) apart and oriented oblique to inferred flow direction by 308, are referred to here as cores A, B, and C, in a down-palaeoflow direction.Previous outcrop studies of the distal TML over the past century have concluded that the distal TML consists of a single flow. This is true of core B, which is dominated by a single 144 0 (44 m) thick flow, underlain by a thin (,5 0 , 1.5 m) flow with a vesiculated top, inferred to represent a toe of the thick flow, inasmuch as there is no baked zone or weathered contact between them. This contrasts sharply with core C, where the 50 0 (15.2 m) thick TML consists of four flows 5 -12 0 (1.6 -3.6 m) thick, each also defined by vesiculated tops, but differing in having weathered tops 1 -2 0 (0.3-0.6 m) thick, inferred to record an eruptive hiatus between each flow. The third flow in core C appears to be geochemically distinct from both overlying and underlying units, although all of the core samples are petrographically similar. The TML in cores C and B overlies coarse-grained andesitic volcaniclastic debris and fluvial deposits. By contrast, in core A, the TML overlies very fine-grained siltstones interpreted to record deposition in still water, probably a small lake produced by damming of the river by the thick flow in core B. The TML in core A is 20 0 (6 m) thick, and is composed of eleven 1 -3 0 (0.3-1.0 m) thick couplets, each consisting of a clay-altered hyaloclastite breccia passing upwards into a relatively fresh, nonbrecciated, vesiculated top. We interpret these couplets to represent thin toes of a flow that generated steam explosions when they came into contact with a standing body of water.Palaeomagnetic remanence data (inclination only) on lava flows from the cores are consistent with the Classic Table Mountain direction and inconsistent with directional results from any other Stanislaus Group lava flows published to date. Thus, by palaeomagnetic correlation, the lavas studied here were emplaced between 10.36^0.06 and 10.41^0.08 Ma. In addition, remanence results suggest that the three sampled flows from core C were erupted over a time period shorter than the secular variation rate (i.e. less than a few centuries) and the Knights Ferry portion of the TML was emplaced within several centuries of the average Classic TML age range

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“…Previous papers have presented small geochemical data sets in stratigraphic context (Ransome, 1898;Noble et al, 1976;Putirka and Busby, 2007; , 2008a, 2013bKoerner et al, 2009), or used those data sets as part of a regional-scale analysis du Bray et al, 2014). However, this is the first paper to present a large geochemical data set in stratigraphic and intrusive context (Table 1), plotted on maps (Fig.…”

Section: Field and Petrographic Characteristics And Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tale of two Walker Lane pull-apart basins in the ancestral Cascades arc, central Sierra Nevada, California

et al. 2018

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We integrate new geochronological, petrographic, and geochemical data with previously published (Sierra Crest-Little Walker volcanic center) and new (Ebbetts Pass volcanic center) structural and stratigraphic data to describe two deeply dissected, spectacularly well-exposed Walker Lane pull-apart basins in the ancestral Cascades arc. The Miocene (ca. 12-5 Ma) Sierra Crest-Little Walker arc volcanic center and the Miocene-Pliocene (ca. 6-4.6 Ma) Ebbetts Pass arc volcanic center formed in pull-apart basins in the Walker Lane, a NNW-trending zone of dextral strike-slip and oblique normal faults at the western edge of the Basin and Range Province. The Sierra Crest-Little Walker arc volcanic center is a transtensional arc volcanic field that is as areally extensive (~4000 km Volcano-tectonic activity continued for a longer period (ca. 12-6 Ma) in the northern half of the Sierra Crest-Little Walker volcanic center than it did in the southern half (ca. 12-9 Ma), overlapping for ~1 m.y. with the onset of volcano-tectonic activity at the Ebbetts Pass volcanic center to the north. This provides local-scale confirmation of the regional-scale interpretation that a transtensional rift tip propagated northward with time within the arc axis, in concert with northward migration of the Mendocino triple junction. Transtensional rift magmatism followed in its wake and continues today at various points along the length of the Walker Lane. "Tectono-stratigraphic recycling" was a key geologic process throughout the development of these ancestral Cascades arc pull-apart basins, and it consisted of the transfer of megaslide slabs, up to 2 km long and tens to hundreds of meters thick, from footwall to hanging-wall blocks in the transtensional rift. A time-slice series of block diagrams is used to illustrate the structural controls on arc volcanism in the early stages of Walker Lane transtensional faulting (ca. 12-4.6 Ma).

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Elemental and isotopic geochemistry of nonhydrated quartz latite glasses from the Eureka Valley Tuff, east-central California

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Miocene evolution of the western edge of the Nevadaplano in the central and northern Sierra Nevada: palaeocanyons, magmatism, and structure

Miocene evolution of the western edge of the Nevadaplano in the central and northern Sierra Nevada: palaeocanyons, magmatism, and structure

An in-depth look at distal Sierra Nevada palaeochannel fill: drill cores through the Table Mountain Latite near Knights Ferry

A tale of two Walker Lane pull-apart basins in the ancestral Cascades arc, central Sierra Nevada, California

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