Elemental composition, biochemical composition and caloric value of Antarctic krill.

Färber-Lorda, Jaime; Gaudy, R.; Mayzaud, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.021

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The seemingly small differences in mean krill length (~5 to 10 mm) between areas represent large differences in energy density g -1 dry weight of krill (Ichii et al 2007, Chapman et al 2009, Färber-Lorda et al 2009 Table 4. Results of spatial regression analyses for spatial lag and spatial error models of association between humpback, fin, and minke whales and 3 krill length classes (13-34, 35-44, and 45-65 mm), using Akaike Information Criteria (AIC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant values are shown in bold krill (male or female) is approximately 1.75 kJ g -1 dry weight, while mean energy density of a krill (male or non-gravid female) of 50 mm is approximately 3.75 kJ g -1 dry weight. In contrast, a gravid 50 mm krill has more than 6 kJ g -1 dry weight (Ichii et al 2007, Färber-Lorda et al 2009). Our study shows that species of baleen whales are likely utilizing different krill lengthmaturity classes that differ energetically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At least 3 species of baleen whales regularly forage in this area (Reilly et al 2004, Williams et al 2006). Krill size is important to the feeding ecology of krill-dependent predators, because small (5 to 10 mm) differences in the mean length of krill or the maturity stage of female krill have large energetic consequences (Ichii et al 2007, Chapman et al 2009, Färber-Lorda et al 2009). Energy density (joules g -1 dry weight) of krill increases exponentially with length, and even more so for gravid females (Fär-ber-Lorda et al 2009).…”

Section: Abstract: Antarctica · Euphausia Superba · Krill · Fin Whalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial association between hotspots of baleen whales and demographic patterns of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba suggests size-dependent predation

Santora¹,

Reiss²,

Loeb³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

115

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abstract: Antarctica · Euphausia Superba · Krill · Fin Whalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatial association between hotspots of baleen whales and demographic patterns of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba suggests size-dependent predation

Santora¹,

Reiss²,

Loeb³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Many species, for instance, acquire energy for reproduction, and therefore, have a high energy value just before spawning, and a lower one afterwards (Norrbin and Båmstedt 1984; Van de Putte et al 2006; Fenaughty et al 2008). Particularly in crustaceans, energy densities can vary between sexes (Färber-Lorda et al 2009a). Lipid storage is used as buoyancy control in many marine animals, causing differences in energy content between animals with a different vertical distribution (Lawrence 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipid storage is used as buoyancy control in many marine animals, causing differences in energy content between animals with a different vertical distribution (Lawrence 1976). Furthermore, lipid content changes with size and age, greatly influencing energy content (Tierney et al 2002; Färber-Lorda et al 2009a; Färber-Lorda and Mayzaud 2010). Energy allocation for different purposes, such as growth or reproduction, most likely occurs simultaneously, but one purpose may dominate over others depending on locality and season (Båmstedt 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: the energetic value of zooplankton and nekton species of the Southern Ocean

Schaafsma¹,

Cherel

Flores

et al. 2018

Mar Biol

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Understanding the energy flux through food webs is important for estimating the capacity of marine ecosystems to support stocks of living resources. The energy density of species involved in trophic energy transfer has been measured in a large number of small studies, scattered over a 40-year publication record. Here, we reviewed energy density records of Southern Ocean zooplankton, nekton and several benthic taxa, including previously unpublished data. Comparing measured taxa, energy densities were highest in myctophid fishes (ranging from 17.1 to 39.3 kJ g−1 DW), intermediate in crustaceans (7.1 to 25.3 kJ g−1 DW), squid (16.2 to 24.0 kJ g−1 DW) and other fish families (14.8 to 29.9 kJ g−1 DW), and lowest in jelly fish (10.8 to 18.0 kJ g−1 DW), polychaetes (9.2 to 14.2 kJ g−1 DW) and chaetognaths (5.0–11.7 kJ g−1 DW). Data reveals differences in energy density within and between species related to size, age and other life cycle parameters. Important taxa in Antarctic food webs, such as copepods, squid and small euphausiids, remain under-sampled. The variability in energy density of Electrona antarctica was likely regional rather than seasonal, although for many species with limited data it remains difficult to disentangle regional and seasonal variability. Models are provided to estimate energy density more quickly using a species’ physical parameters. It will become increasingly important to close knowledge gaps to improve the ability of bioenergetic and food web models to predict changes in the capacity of Antarctic ecosystems to support marine life.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00227-018-3386-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters

Conroy,

Steinberg,

Nardelli

et al. 2024

Limnology & Oceanography

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The Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is often considered an herbivore but is notable for its trophic flexibility, which includes feeding on protistan and metazoan zooplankton. Characterizing krill trophic position (TP) is important for understanding carbon and energy flow from phytoplankton to vertebrate predators and to the deep ocean, especially as plankton composition is sensitive to changing climate. We used repeated field sampling and experiments to study feeding by juvenile krill during three austral summers in waters near Palmer Station, Antarctica. Our approach was to combine seasonal carbon budgets, gut fluorescence measurements, imaging flow cytometry, and compound‐specific isotope analysis of amino acids. Field measurements coupled to experimentally derived grazing functional response curves suggest that phytoplankton grazing alone was insufficient to support the growth and basal metabolism of juvenile krill. Phytoplankton consumption by juvenile krill was limited due to inefficient feeding on nanoplankton (2–20 μm), which constituted the majority of autotrophic prey. Mean krill TP and the metazoan dietary fraction increased in years with higher mesozooplankton biomass, which was not coupled to phytoplankton biomass. Comparing TP estimates using δ15N of different amino acids indicated a substantial and consistent food‐web contribution from heterotrophic protists. Phytoplankton, metazoans, and heterotrophic protists all were important contributors to a diverse krill diet that changed substantially among years. Juvenile krill fed mostly on heterotrophic prey during summer near Palmer Station, and this food web complexity should be considered more broadly throughout the changing Southern Ocean.

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Elemental composition, biochemical composition and caloric value of Antarctic krill.

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Spatial association between hotspots of baleen whales and demographic patterns of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba suggests size-dependent predation

Spatial association between hotspots of baleen whales and demographic patterns of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba suggests size-dependent predation

Review: the energetic value of zooplankton and nekton species of the Southern Ocean

Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters

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